Muntyanu Anastasiya, Nechaev Vladimir, Pastukhova Elena, Logan James, Rahme Elham, Zubarev Andrei, Netchiporouk Elena, Litvinov Ivan V
Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Front Oncol. 2023 Aug 3;13:1197287. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1197287. eCollection 2023.
The global incidence of lip and oral cavity cancers (OCCs) and oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) is steadily increasing. While tobacco and alcohol consumption are established risk factors, a considerable proportion of these cancers has become attributed to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. We aimed to describe the occurrence and identify potential risk factors of OCCs and OPCs across the Russian Federation during 2007-2018.
We conducted an ecological analysis using publicly accessible data from the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. Incidence and mortality rates by jurisdiction were mapped for geospatial analysis. We pre-defined 11 potential contributing risk factors and used univariable and multivariable Poisson regression model with backwards stepwise variable selection to identify associated factors with OCC and OPC.
A total of 190,585 individuals were diagnosed with OCCs and OPCs in Russia between 2007-2018. Non-uniform geographic distribution of cancer cases was noted where the Far Eastern Federal District had the highest rate of OCC and the Central Federal District of OPCs. Districts with high weekly alcohol consumption had significantly higher incidence and mortality rates in both sexes. Districts with high rates of daily smoking had higher incidence of OCC among females, and those with low smoking trends had lower mortality rates for OCCs and OPCs.
We detail the burden of OCCs and OPCs across Russia, with the aim of elucidating modifiable risk factors and proposing evidence-based prevention strategies. Tobacco/alcohol sales control measures and smoking/drinking cessation programs should continue to be prioritized as public health measures, especially for females.
唇癌和口腔癌（OCC）以及口咽癌（OPC）的全球发病率正在稳步上升。虽然烟草和酒精消费是既定的风险因素，但这些癌症中有相当一部分已归因于人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染。我们旨在描述2007 - 2018年俄罗斯联邦OCC和OPC的发病情况并确定其潜在风险因素。
我们使用了来自莫斯科P.A.赫岑肿瘤研究所的公开数据进行生态分析。绘制按管辖区划分的发病率和死亡率，以进行地理空间分析。我们预先定义了11个潜在的促成风险因素，并使用单变量和多变量泊松回归模型以及向后逐步变量选择来确定与OCC和OPC相关的因素。
2007 - 2018年期间，俄罗斯共有190,585人被诊断患有OCC和OPC。注意到癌症病例的地理分布不均，远东联邦区的OCC发病率最高，中央联邦区的OPC发病率最高。每周酒精消费量高的地区，男女的发病率和死亡率均显著更高。每日吸烟率高的地区，女性OCC发病率更高，而吸烟趋势低的地区，OCC和OPC的死亡率更低。
我们详细阐述了俄罗斯OCC和OPC的负担，目的是阐明可改变的风险因素并提出基于证据的预防策略。烟草/酒精销售控制措施和戒烟/戒酒计划应继续作为公共卫生措施的优先事项，特别是针对女性。
