Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, Research Center Foulum, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
J Anim Sci. 2023 Jan 3;101. doi: 10.1093/jas/skad261.
The present study aimed to characterize the performance of suckling piglets from high prolific sows and investigate the impact of milk composition on piglet growth during a 4-wk lactation period. Piglet performance included weight gain (WG), milk intake, nutrients and energy in milk, and piglet energy metabolism in weeks 1 to 4 of lactation. Data from six previous experiments were used with a total of 2,047 piglets and 604 milk samples collected from 151 sows. Piglet body weight linearly increased (P < 0.001) as lactation progressed, with the piglet WG being low in week 1 (132 g/d) and relatively constant from weeks 2 to 4 (248 g/d; P < 0.001). The metabolizable energy (ME) intake of the piglets increased (P < 0.001) from weeks 1 to 3; however, with lower values in week 4 than for week 3. The heat energy production and energy required for maintenance (MEm) linearly increased (P < 0.001) from weeks 1 to 4. In addition, the retained energy and ME to MEm ratio only increased from weeks 1 to 2 (P < 0.001) and then declined through week 4. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relations between the milk nutrient composition and the WG in weeks 1 to 4. The results showed that WG was negatively correlated with the milk protein concentration at all stages of lactation (P < 0.001). In contrast, the WG was positively correlated with milk fat and lactose concentrations in weeks 2 and 4, respectively (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the stage of lactation influenced WG, milk intake, nutrients in milk, energy in milk, and the energy metabolism of the suckling piglets. Moreover, maximizing milk protein concentration does not optimize piglet growth.
本研究旨在描述高繁殖力母猪所产仔猪的性能，并研究在 4 周哺乳期内，牛奶成分对仔猪生长的影响。仔猪性能包括体重增加（WG）、牛奶摄入量、牛奶中的营养物质和能量，以及仔猪在哺乳期第 1 至 4 周的能量代谢。使用了来自之前的 6 项实验的数据，涉及 151 头母猪的总共 2047 头仔猪和 604 个奶样。随着哺乳期的进展，仔猪体重呈线性增加（P<0.001），第 1 周的仔猪 WG 较低（132g/d），从第 2 周到第 4 周相对稳定（248g/d；P<0.001）。仔猪可代谢能（ME）摄入量从第 1 周到第 3 周增加（P<0.001），但第 4 周的数值低于第 3 周。产热和维持需要的能量（MEm）从第 1 周到第 4 周呈线性增加（P<0.001）。此外，保留能量和 ME 与 MEm 的比值仅从第 1 周到第 2 周增加（P<0.001），然后在第 4 周下降。使用皮尔逊相关系数来检验哺乳期各阶段牛奶营养成分与 WG 之间的关系。结果表明，在整个哺乳期，WG 与牛奶蛋白浓度呈负相关（P<0.001）。相反，WG 与第 2 周和第 4 周的牛奶脂肪和乳糖浓度呈正相关（P<0.001）。总之，哺乳期阶段影响了仔猪的 WG、牛奶摄入量、牛奶中的营养物质、牛奶中的能量以及仔猪的能量代谢。此外，最大限度地提高牛奶蛋白浓度并不能优化仔猪的生长。
