Wilkerson L, Lesky L, Medio F J
J Med Educ. 1986 Oct;61(10):823-9. doi: 10.1097/00001888-198610000-00007.
The resident is a central figure in the education of medical students and other residents. In order to examine the ways in which residents fulfill their teaching responsibilities, the authors observed 14 first- and second-year internal medicine residents as they reviewed a total of 158 cases during work rounds. Inpatient work rounds were selected for study because in this setting an attending faculty member is not present and the resident bears total responsibility for initiating any teaching that occurs. The results of the study indicated that the most frequently observed teaching behaviors were associated with patient care at the bedside: providing a model of appropriate interaction with patients and verifying clinical findings. Away from the bedside, the residents frequently used brief lectures to teach. The least frequently observed teaching behaviors involved referring to the literature, giving feedback, demonstrating techniques and procedures, and asking questions. Following these observations, the authors initiated a course on clinical teaching for residents.
住院医师是医学生和其他住院医师教育中的核心人物。为了研究住院医师履行教学职责的方式，作者观察了14名内科一、二年级住院医师，他们在查房期间共查看了158个病例。之所以选择住院病房查房进行研究，是因为在这种情况下没有主治教员在场，住院医师要对进行的任何教学负全部责任。研究结果表明，观察到的最常见教学行为与床边患者护理有关：提供与患者适当互动的示范并核实临床发现。在远离床边的地方，住院医师经常通过简短授课进行教学。观察到的最不常见教学行为包括查阅文献、给予反馈、演示技术和操作以及提问。基于这些观察结果，作者为住院医师开设了一门临床教学课程。
