Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu Third People's Hospital Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chengdu, China.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2023 Aug 1;19(2):2246542. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2246542.
A good safety and immunogenicity profile was reported in Phase I and II clinical trials of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Here, we report two cases associated with vaccine-associated adverse events, including one patient with fever and another with anaphylactic shock resulting from inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Cell sub-types and the importance of genetic characteristics were assessed using single-cell mRNA sequencing and machine learning. Overall, the patient with fever showed a significant increase in the numbers of cytotoxic CD8 T cells and MKI67 CD8 T cells. A potential concurrent infection with the Epstein-Barr virus enhanced interferon type I responses to vaccination against the virus. , , , and played a key role in the transcription regulation of MKI67 CD8 T cells. In contrast, the patient with allergic shock displayed predominant increases in the numbers of S100A9 monocytes, activated CD4 T cells, and PPBP megakaryocytes. The decision tree showed that and in S100A9 monocytes contributed to the degranulation of neutrophils and activation of neutrophils involved in allergic shock. and were major contributors to platelet degranulation. These findings highlight the diversity of adverse reactions following inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and show the emerging role of cellular subtypes and central genes in vaccine-associated adverse reactions.
在灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的 I 期和 II 期临床试验中，报告了良好的安全性和免疫原性。在此，我们报告了两例与疫苗相关的不良事件相关的病例，包括一例发热患者和另一例因接种灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗而发生过敏性休克的患者。使用单细胞 mRNA 测序和机器学习评估了细胞亚群和遗传特征的重要性。总体而言，发热患者的细胞毒性 CD8 T 细胞和 MKI67 CD8 T 细胞数量显著增加。潜在的 EBV 合并感染增强了针对该病毒的疫苗接种引起的 I 型干扰素反应。 、 、 和 在 MKI67 CD8 T 细胞的转录调控中发挥关键作用。相比之下，过敏休克患者的 S100A9 单核细胞、活化的 CD4 T 细胞和 PPBP 巨核细胞数量明显增加。决策树显示 S100A9 单核细胞中的 和 有助于中性粒细胞脱颗粒，参与过敏休克的中性粒细胞激活。 和 是血小板脱颗粒的主要贡献者。这些发现强调了灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种后不良反应的多样性，并显示了细胞亚群和核心基因在疫苗相关不良反应中的新兴作用。
