Araya Benjamin R, Ziegler Alisha A, Grobe Connie C, Grobe Justin L, Segar Jeffrey L
Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States.
Newborn (Clarksville). 2023;2(2):142-147. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0060. Epub 2023 May 7.
This article is intended to review the relationship between sodium homeostasis and growth, outline reasons why preterm infants may become sodium deficient, and share data from our group and others regarding the potential benefits of dietary sodium supplementation.
Despite tremendous efforts over the past 20 years to optimize neonatal nutrition, postnatal growth failure in preterm infants remains a significant problem. Compelling associations have been identified between in-hospital growth failure and cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental disorders, heightening the need to further identify the optimal nutritional needs of preterm infants.
The impact of sodium deficiency may have on somatic growth is poorly studied and reported upon within the human literature. In contrast, animal studies dating back almost 100 years highlight the nutritional importance of dietary sodium. Sodium homeostasis during early postnatal life is understudied and underappreciated by neonatologists.
Insufficient sodium intake during early life is likely a critical yet underappreciated contributor to growth failure. Total body sodium depletion may be an important risk factor driving complications of premature birth.
Increased awareness of sodium homeostasis in preterm infants may improve outcomes in this population. Sodium intake recommendations are provided based on the interpretation of currently available literature.
本文旨在综述钠稳态与生长之间的关系，概述早产儿可能出现钠缺乏的原因，并分享我们团队及其他团队关于膳食补充钠潜在益处的数据。
尽管在过去20年里为优化新生儿营养付出了巨大努力，但早产儿出生后生长发育迟缓仍然是一个重大问题。已确定住院期间生长发育迟缓与心脏代谢和神经发育障碍之间存在密切关联，这进一步凸显了确定早产儿最佳营养需求的必要性。
钠缺乏对人体生长的影响在文献中研究和报道较少。相比之下，近100年前的动物研究就强调了膳食钠的营养重要性。新生儿科医生对出生后早期的钠稳态研究不足且重视不够。
生命早期钠摄入不足可能是导致生长发育迟缓的一个关键但未得到充分认识的因素。全身钠耗竭可能是引发早产并发症的一个重要危险因素。
提高对早产儿钠稳态的认识可能会改善这一人群的预后。根据对现有文献的解读给出了钠摄入建议。
