Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
J Perinatol. 2024 Oct;44(10):1515-1522. doi: 10.1038/s41372-024-02088-x. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
To evaluate the association between enteral sodium supplementation on growth and hypertension (HTN) in preterm infants.
A retrospective cohort study of infants born between 22-32 weeks and weighing 450-1500 grams (N = 821). Enteral sodium supplementation amounts, systolic blood pressures (SBP), weight gain, and other infant and maternal risk factors for HTN were electronically extracted.
Infants receiving sodium supplementation were smaller and less mature. Sodium supplementation improved serum sodium levels, weight gain, and head circumference growth without causing hypernatremia. There was no correlation between urine and serum sodium or urine sodium and weight gain. Although infants receiving sodium had higher average SBP and rates of HTN, analysis demonstrated sodium supplementation did not increase odds of hypertension (OR 1.02;0.64-1.64). Postnatal steroids were associated with HTN.
In preterm infants with poor weight gain, enteral sodium supplementation improved growth without increasing hypertension or hypernatremia.
评估肠内钠补充对早产儿生长和高血压（HTN）的影响。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了 22-32 周出生、体重 450-1500 克的婴儿（N=821）。电子提取肠内钠补充量、收缩压（SBP）、体重增加以及其他与 HTN 相关的婴儿和产妇风险因素。
接受钠补充的婴儿体型更小，更不成熟。钠补充可改善血清钠水平、体重增加和头围生长，且不会导致高钠血症。尿钠和血清钠或尿钠与体重增加之间无相关性。尽管接受钠补充的婴儿平均 SBP 更高且 HTN 发生率更高，但分析表明钠补充并未增加高血压的几率（比值比 1.02；0.64-1.64）。出生后类固醇与 HTN 相关。
对于体重增长不佳的早产儿，肠内钠补充可改善生长，且不会增加高血压或高钠血症的风险。
