Hurel Cynthia, Ehlinger Virginie, Molcho Michal, Cohen Jérémie F, Falissard Bruno, Sentenac Mariane, Godeau Emmanuelle
Department of Human and Social Sciences, EHESP School of Public Health, Rennes, France.
Rennes University, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Rennes, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Rennes, France.
Front Pediatr. 2023 Aug 8;11:1204171. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1204171. eCollection 2023.
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have reported a decrease in adolescents' well-being. We aim to describe life satisfaction over the last decade and examine the factors associated with its variations between 2020 and 2021 among French students in their last year of middle school (around 14-15 years old).
Data were drawn from a repeated biennial cross-sectional national survey conducted in French schools over the last decade (EnCLASS study), using a self-administered questionnaire. After describing life satisfaction trends between 2012 and 2021 using the Cantril ladder, we examined individual changes in life satisfaction between 2020 and 2021 and their associations with housing and studying conditions during the COVID-19 lockdown, using multinomial logistic regression analysis (decrease, increase, no change as reference).
Among the 17,686 survey respondents, an overall slight decrease in the prevalence of adolescents reporting high life satisfaction (i.e., Cantril score ≥6) was observed since 2012 with the lowest proportion reported in 2021 (77.4%). Between 2020 and 2021, 16.3% of French adolescents experienced an improvement in life satisfaction, while 17.7% experienced the opposite. Decrease in life satisfaction between 2020 and 2021 was more likely experienced by adolescents living in reconstructed families [aOR 2.09 (95%CI, 1.58-2.77)], those who did not have their own room [aOR 1.58 (1.16-2.15)], nor access to the Internet to interact with their friends during the lockdown [aOR 1.47 (1.09-1.98)]. Interestingly, more girls than boys were represented in both those reporting increase and decrease in life satisfaction [aOR 1.82 (1.40-2.37) and 1.43 (1.14-1.79), respectively].
This study shows that the way adolescents experienced the first 2020 lockdown in France was not uniform, and that one must consider sex as well as housing and studying conditions when interpreting adolescents' life satisfaction decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
自新冠疫情大流行以来，多项研究报告称青少年的幸福感有所下降。我们旨在描述过去十年间的生活满意度，并研究2020年至2021年间法国初中最后一年（约14 - 15岁）学生生活满意度变化的相关因素。
数据来自过去十年在法国学校进行的一项每两年重复一次的全国性横断面调查（EnCLASS研究），采用自填式问卷。在使用坎特里尔阶梯量表描述2012年至2021年间的生活满意度趋势后，我们使用多项逻辑回归分析（以下降、上升、无变化为参照）研究了2020年至2021年间生活满意度的个体变化及其与新冠疫情封锁期间住房和学习条件的关联。
在17686名调查受访者中，自2012年以来，报告高生活满意度（即坎特里尔得分≥6）的青少年比例总体略有下降，2021年报告的比例最低（77.4%）。2020年至2021年间，16.3%的法国青少年生活满意度有所提高，而17.7%的青少年则相反。2020年至2021年间生活满意度下降的青少年更有可能是生活在重组家庭中的青少年 [调整后比值比（aOR）为2.09（95%置信区间，1.58 - 2.77）]，没有自己房间的青少年 [aOR为1.58（1.16 - 2.15）]，以及在封锁期间无法上网与朋友交流的青少年 [aOR为1.47（1.09 - 1.98）]。有趣的是，生活满意度上升和下降的人群中女孩的比例均高于男孩 [分别为aOR 1.82（1.40 - 2.37）和1.43（1.14 - 1.79）]。
本研究表明，法国青少年在2020年首次经历封锁的方式并不统一，在解读新冠疫情大流行期间青少年生活满意度下降的情况时，必须考虑性别以及住房和学习条件。
