Functional diversification of a wild potato immune receptor at its center of origin.

Plant cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular immune receptors cooperate to provide immunity to microbial infection. Both receptor families have coevolved at an accelerated rate, but the evolution and diversification of PRRs is poorly understood. We have isolated potato surface receptor Pep-13 receptor unit (PERU) that senses Pep-13, a conserved immunogenic peptide pattern from plant pathogenic species. PERU, a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase, is a bona fide PRR that binds Pep-13 and enhances immunity to infection. Diversification in ligand binding specificities of PERU can be traced to sympatric wild tuber-bearing populations in the Central Andes. Our study reveals the evolution of cell surface immune receptor alleles in wild potato populations that recognize ligand variants not recognized by others.