Orthopedic Surgery Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (OSAIL), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Radiology Informatics Lab (RIL), Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Orthopedic Surgery Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (OSAIL), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
J Arthroplasty. 2023 Oct;38(10):1948-1953. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.08.047. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
Total joint arthroplasty is becoming one of the most common surgeries within the United States, creating an abundance of analyzable data to improve patient experience and outcomes. Unfortunately, a large majority of this data is concealed in electronic health records only accessible by manual extraction, which takes extensive time and resources. Natural language processing (NLP), a field within artificial intelligence, may offer a viable alternative to manual extraction. Using NLP, a researcher can analyze written and spoken data and extract data in an organized manner suitable for future research and clinical use. This article will first discuss common subtasks involved in an NLP pipeline, including data preparation, modeling, analysis, and external validation, followed by examples of NLP projects. Challenges and limitations of NLP will be discussed, closing with future directions of NLP projects, including large language models.
全关节置换术在美国已成为最常见的手术之一，产生了大量可分析的数据，以改善患者的体验和结果。不幸的是，这些数据中的大部分都隐藏在电子健康记录中，只能通过手动提取，这需要大量的时间和资源。自然语言处理（NLP）是人工智能领域的一个分支，可能为手动提取提供一种可行的替代方法。使用 NLP，研究人员可以分析书面和口头数据，并以适合未来研究和临床使用的有组织的方式提取数据。本文将首先讨论 NLP 管道中涉及的常见子任务，包括数据准备、建模、分析和外部验证，然后介绍 NLP 项目的示例。将讨论 NLP 的挑战和局限性，最后介绍 NLP 项目的未来方向，包括大型语言模型。
