Yang Meng-Hua, Hsueh Kai-Feng, Chang Chia-Ming, Hsieh Huey-Hong
Department of Physical Education, Health & Recreation, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 621, Taiwan.
Department of Leisure and Sport Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsuing 833, Taiwan.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Jul 25;13(8):617. doi: 10.3390/bs13080617.
Previous studies suggested that athletes' psychological capital level is related to life stress and burnout. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the influences of university baseball athletes' psychological capital on their life stress and burnout and provide practical suggestions for athletes and coaches to reduce their life stress and burnout. In this study, we used athletes' control variables (grade, year of training experience, and training days per week) and psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience) to predict their life stress and burnout. A total of 428 division I baseball athletes from 16 teams of the national college baseball sports league in Taiwan participated in this survey, with a return rate of 89.2%. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among the above-mentioned variables. The results showed that the athletes demographics such as grade (β = 0.03, > 0.05) and years of baseball training experience (β = 0.00, > 0.05) had no significant influences on athlete burnout, while the days of baseball training per week (β = 0.32, < 0.05) had a positive influence on athlete burnout. As for psychological capital, self-efficacy (β = -0.09, < 0.05), hope (β = -0.27, < 0.05), and optimism (β = -0.20, < 0.05) had negative influences on life stress, while resilience (β = -0.07, > 0.05) had no significant influences on life stress. Hope (β = -0.20, < 0.05) had negative influences on athlete burnout, while self-efficacy (β = -0.00, > 0.05), optimism (β = -0.06, > 0.05), and resilience (β = -0.01, > 0.05) had no significant influences on athlete burnout. Life stress (β = 0.52, < 0.05) had significant influences on the burnout. Based on our research findings, suggestions were made to reduce the athletes' life stress and athlete burnout.
以往研究表明，运动员的心理资本水平与生活压力和倦怠有关。因此，本研究的目的是探讨大学棒球运动员的心理资本对其生活压力和倦怠的影响，并为运动员和教练提供减少其生活压力和倦怠的实用建议。在本研究中，我们使用运动员的控制变量（年级、训练年限和每周训练天数）和心理资本（自我效能感、希望、乐观和心理韧性）来预测他们的生活压力和倦怠。台湾全国大学棒球运动联赛16支球队的428名一级棒球运动员参与了本次调查，回收率为89.2%。采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型来检验上述变量之间的关系。结果表明，运动员的人口统计学特征如年级（β = 0.03，p > 0.05）和棒球训练年限（β = 0.00，p > 0.05）对运动员倦怠没有显著影响，而每周棒球训练天数（β = 0.32，p < 0.05）对运动员倦怠有正向影响。至于心理资本，自我效能感（β = -0.09，p < 0.05）、希望（β = -0.27，p < 0.05）和乐观（β = -0.20，p < 0.05）对生活压力有负向影响，而心理韧性（β = -0.07，p > 0.05）对生活压力没有显著影响。希望（β = -0.20，p < 0.05）对运动员倦怠有负向影响，而自我效能感（β = -0.00，p > 0.05）、乐观（β = -0.06，p > 0.05）和心理韧性（β = -0.01，p > 0.05）对运动员倦怠没有显著影响。生活压力（β = 0.52，p < 0.05）对倦怠有显著影响。基于我们的研究结果，提出了减少运动员生活压力和运动员倦怠的建议。
