Jiang Lan, Yang Chunliang, Pi Zhongling, Li Yangping, Liu Shaohang, Yi Xinfa
Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199 Chang'an Road, Yanta District, Xi'an 710062, China.
Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China.
J Intell. 2023 Aug 12;11(8):162. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence11080162.
Is metacognitive ability a predictor of creative performance? Previous studies have produced conflicting findings. To clarify whether this relationship exists, the current study used eye tracking techniques and vocal thinking reports to explore creativity differences in individuals with different levels of metacognitive ability. One hundred and twelve participants completed the Metacognitive Ability scale, and were divided into two groups (with thirty participants in each group) based on their metacognition scores (the highest and lowest 27% of metacognitive ability scores). Then, participants in both groups completed two creative thinking tasks (AUT and CCRAT) while their eye behaviors were recorded by eye tracking. The results showed that participants with high metacognitive ability were better at divergent thinking, as evidenced by greater fixation and saccade counts, as well as smaller saccade amplitudes in the AUT task. In addition, Bayesian analyses provide anecdotal evidence that participants with high metacognitive ability tended to be better at convergent thinking. Furthermore, eye tracking results demonstrated that they exhibited longer fixation duration and more fixation count on the materials in the CCRAT task. These findings reflect an important role of metacognition in creative thinking, especially in divergent thinking.
元认知能力是创造性表现的预测指标吗？以往的研究结果相互矛盾。为了澄清这种关系是否存在，本研究使用眼动追踪技术和出声思维报告来探究不同元认知能力水平个体的创造力差异。112名参与者完成了元认知能力量表，并根据他们的元认知得分（元认知能力得分最高和最低的27%）分为两组（每组30名参与者）。然后，两组参与者都完成了两项创造性思维任务（AUT和CCRAT），同时通过眼动追踪记录他们的眼部行为。结果表明，元认知能力高的参与者在发散性思维方面表现更好，在AUT任务中，他们有更多的注视和扫视次数，以及更小的扫视幅度，这证明了这一点。此外，贝叶斯分析提供了一些证据，表明元认知能力高的参与者在收敛性思维方面往往表现更好。此外，眼动追踪结果表明，他们在CCRAT任务中对材料的注视持续时间更长，注视次数更多。这些发现反映了元认知在创造性思维，尤其是发散性思维中的重要作用。
