Jia Xiaoyu, Xu Tianwei, Zhang Yuchi
College of Teacher Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
College of Science, Qiongtai Normal University, Haikou 571127, China.
J Intell. 2022 Jun 16;10(2):35. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence10020035.
Previous research has shown that creative mindsets influence creativity. Compared with people with a fixed creative mindset, those with a growth creative mindset performed better in creative tasks. The underlying mechanism, however, is not completely understood. The present study has extended previous works to explore whether metacognitive strategy monitoring and control influence the relationship between creative mindsets and divergent thinking performance. The thinking aloud method was used to summarize four strategies in a divergent thinking task (an alternative uses task, AUT) in a pilot study: memory retrieval, splitting, property-based, and general use strategies. In the formal study, the creative mindsets scale, AUT, self-strategic utility judgment (i.e., an index of metacognitive strategy monitoring), and frequency of strategies usage (i.e., an index of metacognitive strategy control) were used to explore the relationships among creative mindsets, divergent thinking, and metacognitive strategy monitoring and control. The results indicated a positive correlation between a growth creative mindset and divergent thinking but a negative correlation between a fixed creative mindset and divergent thinking. More importantly, there were identified mediating roles of metacognitive monitoring and control of splitting and property-based strategies in the relationship between creative mindsets and divergent thinking. The findings reveal that creative mindsets are a critical predictor of divergent thinking, and metacognitive monitoring and control of abstract strategies mediate this association.
先前的研究表明，创造性思维模式会影响创造力。与具有固定创造性思维模式的人相比，具有成长型创造性思维模式的人在创造性任务中表现得更好。然而，其潜在机制尚未完全被理解。本研究扩展了先前的工作，以探讨元认知策略监测和控制是否会影响创造性思维模式与发散性思维表现之间的关系。在一项初步研究中，采用出声思维法总结了发散性思维任务（替代用途任务，AUT）中的四种策略：记忆检索、拆分、基于属性和一般用途策略。在正式研究中，使用创造性思维模式量表、AUT、自我策略效用判断（即元认知策略监测指标）和策略使用频率（即元认知策略控制指标）来探讨创造性思维模式、发散性思维以及元认知策略监测和控制之间的关系。结果表明，成长型创造性思维模式与发散性思维呈正相关，而固定型创造性思维模式与发散性思维呈负相关。更重要的是，在创造性思维模式与发散性思维之间的关系中，确定了元认知对拆分和基于属性策略的监测和控制起到了中介作用。研究结果表明，创造性思维模式是发散性思维的关键预测指标，而元认知对抽象策略的监测和控制在这一关联中起到了中介作用。
