Vardhan Harsh, Rummer Grace, Deng Angela, Ma Shengqian
Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, 525 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
Membranes (Basel). 2023 Jul 27;13(8):696. doi: 10.3390/membranes13080696.
Connecting organic building blocks by covalent bonds to design porous crystalline networks has led to covalent organic frameworks (COFs), consequently transferring the flexibility of dynamic linkages from discrete architectures to extended structures. By virtue of the library of organic building blocks and the diversity of dynamic linkages and topologies, COFs have emerged as a novel field of organic materials that propose a platform for tailor-made complex structural design. Progress over the past two decades in the design, synthesis, and functional exploration of COFs in diverse applications successively established these frameworks in materials chemistry. The large-scale synthesis of COFs with uniform structures and properties is of profound importance for commercialization and industrial applications; however, this is in its infancy at present. An innovative designing and synthetic approaches have paved novel ways to address future hurdles. This review article highlights the fundamental of COFs, including designing principles, coupling reactions, topologies, structural diversity, synthetic strategies, characterization, growth mechanism, and activation aspects of COFs. Finally, the major challenges and future trends for large-scale COF fabrication are outlined.
通过共价键连接有机结构单元以设计多孔晶体网络已产生了共价有机框架（COF），从而将动态连接的灵活性从离散结构转移到扩展结构。凭借有机结构单元库以及动态连接和拓扑结构的多样性，COF已成为有机材料的一个新领域，为定制复杂结构设计提供了一个平台。在过去二十年中，COF在各种应用中的设计、合成和功能探索方面取得的进展相继在材料化学中确立了这些框架。大规模合成具有均匀结构和性能的COF对于商业化和工业应用具有深远意义；然而，目前这仍处于起步阶段。一种创新的设计和合成方法为解决未来的障碍开辟了新途径。这篇综述文章重点介绍了COF的基础知识，包括设计原理、偶联反应、拓扑结构、结构多样性、合成策略、表征、生长机制以及COF的活化方面。最后，概述了大规模制备COF的主要挑战和未来趋势。
