Romanowski Jerzy, Dudek-Godeau Dorota, Lesiński Grzegorz
Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Aug 10;12(8):1118. doi: 10.3390/biology12081118.
The Vistula River is one of the largest European semi-natural rivers of high ecological value that functions as an ecological corridor. To assess the structure of small mammal communities along the Vistula River, an analysis of the diet of an opportunistic predator, the tawny owl , was used. A total of 6355 individuals of 19 species were found, including 5 soricomorph species, 12 rodents, 1 carnivore, and 1 bat species. Tawny owls most frequently caught , , , and . Rodents dominated small mammal communities (90%), followed by soricomorphs (8%), and the share of Chiroptera was significant (2%). Using Ward's method in cluster analysis, three clusters of sites with similar mammal communities were identified. The cluster that included 17 study sites with the dominance of agriculture habitats was inhabited by diverse mammal communities with a high number of species. In the cluster composed of three suburban forest sites, mammal communities had the lowest diversity, although the high species richness and the highest shares of the forest species ( and ). Mammal communities in the cluster were composed of three urban sites were dominated by and . The study indicates the high species richness of small mammals in floodplains of the Vistula River and the adjacent areas in central Poland. The floodplain offers suitable habitats for species associated with forests, water bodies, agricultural land, and developed areas. The data collected confirms earlier model predictions about the presence of well-connected local populations of forest mammals along the Vistula River.
维斯瓦河是欧洲最大的具有高生态价值的半天然河流之一，它起着生态走廊的作用。为了评估维斯瓦河沿岸小型哺乳动物群落的结构，研究采用了对机会主义捕食者——仓鸮的饮食分析。共发现了19个物种的6355个个体，包括5种鼩形目物种、12种啮齿动物、1种食肉动物和1种蝙蝠物种。仓鸮最常捕食的是……。啮齿动物在小型哺乳动物群落中占主导地位（90%），其次是鼩形目动物（8%），翼手目的占比也很显著（2%）。在聚类分析中使用沃德法，确定了具有相似哺乳动物群落的三个地点集群。包含17个以农业栖息地为主的研究地点的集群中栖息着种类繁多的哺乳动物群落。在由三个郊区森林地点组成的集群中，哺乳动物群落的多样性最低，尽管物种丰富度较高，且森林物种（……和……）的占比最高。由三个城市地点组成的集群中的哺乳动物群落以……和……为主。研究表明，波兰中部维斯瓦河泛滥平原及周边地区小型哺乳动物的物种丰富度很高。泛滥平原为与森林、水体、农田和发达地区相关的物种提供了适宜的栖息地。收集到的数据证实了早期关于维斯瓦河沿岸森林哺乳动物存在联系紧密的当地种群的模型预测。
