Choi Wonsuk, Moniruzzaman Mohammad, Hamidoghli Ali, Bae Jinho, Lee Seunghyung, Lee Seunghan, Min Taesun, Bai Sungchul C
Feeds & Foods Nutrition Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Republic of Korea.
Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeju International Animal Research Center, Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Jul 26;12(8):1494. doi: 10.3390/antiox12081494.
An 8-week feeding trial was executed to evaluate the efficacy of four functional feed additives in replacing antibiotics in juvenile olive flounder, , fed with a low-fish-meal diet. A basal diet without feed additives was used as a control (CON); other diets were formulated by supplementing 0.50% taurine (TW), 0.30% peptide (PT), 0.23% mineral water (MW), 0.35% yeast-extracted nucleotides (GRO), 0.35% GRO + 0.50% taurine (GROTW), 0.35% GRO + 0.30% peptide (GROPT) and 0.35% GRO + 0.23% mineral water (GROMW) into the basal diet; in addition, one diet was supplemented with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 0.5% as a positive control. Triplicate groups of 25 fish with an average weight of 5.15 ± 0.06 g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the nine experimental diets. At the end of the feeding trial, the weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the CON diet ( < 0.05). The feed efficiency of fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the TW and OTC diets. However, the survival, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index and condition factor of fish, as well as their whole-body proximate composition, were not significantly affected by the experimental diets ( > 0.05). The serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase of fish fed the GROPT diet was significantly lower than that of fish fed the CON diet. However, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glucose and total protein were not significantly affected by the experimental diets ( > 0.05). The serum superoxide dismutase activity of fish fed the PT, TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON diet. The lysozyme activity of fish fed the PT, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON and OTC diets. The myeloperoxidase activity of fish fed the TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, PT and MW diets ( < 0.05). The flounder growth hormone gene expression of fish fed the TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT, GROTW and OTC diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, PT and MW diets ( < 0.05). The interleukin 1β and interleukin 10 gene expressions of fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the CON, PT, TW and MW diets ( < 0.05). Intestinal histology showed a significantly higher villi length for fish fed the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets compared to that of fish fed the CON diet ( < 0.05). Digestive enzyme activities such as trypsin activity were significantly higher in fish fed the GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets than those in the rest of the diet groups ( < 0.05). Amylase activity in fish fed the MW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT, GROTW and OTC diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the PT, TW and CON diets ( < 0.05). On the other hand, the lipase activity of fish fed the TW, GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, PT, MW and OTC diets ( < 0.05). The cumulative survival rate of fish fed the PT, GROTW, GROPT and GROMW diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the CON, TW and MW diets after thirteen days of the challenge testing. Overall, the results demonstrate that the GRO, GROMW, GROPT and GROTW diets could be beneficial feed additives to replace antibiotics in juvenile olive flounder fed low-fish-meal diets.
进行了一项为期8周的饲养试验,以评估四种功能性饲料添加剂在以低鱼粉饲料喂养的幼体牙鲆中替代抗生素的效果。以不添加饲料添加剂的基础饲料作为对照(CON);通过在基础饲料中分别添加0.50%牛磺酸(TW)、0.30%肽(PT)、0.23%矿泉水(MW)、0.35%酵母提取核苷酸(GRO)、0.35% GRO + 0.50%牛磺酸(GROTW)、0.35% GRO + 0.30%肽(GROPT)和0.35% GRO + 0.23%矿泉水(GROMW)来配制其他饲料;此外,一种饲料添加0.5%土霉素(OTC)作为阳性对照。将平均体重为5.15±0.06克(平均值±标准差)的25尾鱼分为三组,每组投喂九种试验饲料中的一种。饲养试验结束时,投喂GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的体重增加、特定生长率和蛋白质效率比显著高于投喂CON饲料的鱼(P<0.05)。投喂GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的饲料效率显著高于投喂TW和OTC饲料的鱼。然而,试验饲料对鱼的存活率、肝体指数、脏体指数和肥满度,以及它们的全鱼常规成分没有显著影响(P>0.05)。投喂GROPT饲料的鱼的血清谷丙转氨酶显著低于投喂CON饲料的鱼。然而,试验饲料对谷草转氨酶、葡萄糖和总蛋白没有显著影响(P>0.05)。投喂PT、TW、GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于投喂CON饲料的鱼。投喂PT、GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的溶菌酶活性显著高于投喂CON和OTC饲料的鱼。投喂TW、GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的髓过氧化物酶活性显著高于投喂CON、PT和MW饲料的鱼(P<0.05)。投喂TW、GRO、GROMW、GROPT、GROTW和OTC饲料的鱼的牙鲆生长激素基因表达显著高于投喂CON、PT和MW饲料的鱼(P<0.05)。投喂GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的白细胞介素1β和白细胞介素10基因表达显著高于投喂CON、PT、TW和MW饲料的鱼(P<0.05)。肠道组织学显示,与投喂CON饲料的鱼相比,投喂GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的绒毛长度显著更长(P<0.05)。投喂GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的胰蛋白酶等消化酶活性显著高于其他饲料组(P<0.05)。投喂MW、GRO、GROMW、GROPT、GROTW和OTC饲料的鱼的淀粉酶活性显著高于投喂PT、TW和CON饲料的鱼(P<0.05)。另一方面,投喂TW、GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料的鱼的脂肪酶活性显著高于投喂CON、PT、MW和OTC饲料的鱼(P<0.05)。在攻毒试验13天后,投喂PT、GROTW、GROPT和GROMW饲料的鱼的累积存活率显著高于投喂CON、TW和MW饲料的鱼。总体而言,结果表明,GRO、GROMW、GROPT和GROTW饲料可以作为有益的饲料添加剂,在以低鱼粉饲料喂养的幼体牙鲆中替代抗生素。