Geng Zijun, Chen Meiqi, Yu Qixuan, Guo Shuoxi, Chen Tianli, Liu Da
School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Aug 2;16(8):1095. doi: 10.3390/ph16081095.
Natural products play important roles in the pathogenesis of many human malignancies, including colorectal cancer, and can act as a gene regulator in many cancers. They regulate malignant cell growth through many cellular signal pathways, including Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1)/PI3K/AKT (α-serine/threonine-protein kinase), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Wnt/β-catenin pathway, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), the Notch pathway, Hippo pathway, and Hedgehog pathway. In this review, we describe the epigenetic roles of several natural products, e.g., platycodin D (PD), ginsenoside Rd, tretinoin, Rutin, curcumin, clove extract, betulinic acid, resveratrol, and curcumin, in colorectal cancer, including their impact on colorectal cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and anti-chemotherapeutic resistance. The aim is to illustrate the epigenetic mechanisms of action of natural products in cancer prevention and treatment, and to provide (1) a theoretical basis for the study of the role of epigenetics in influencing colorectal cancer; (2) new directions for studying the occurrence, development, and prognosis of colorectal cancer; and (3) new targets for treating and preventing colorectal cancer.
天然产物在包括结直肠癌在内的许多人类恶性肿瘤的发病机制中发挥着重要作用，并且在许多癌症中可作为基因调节剂。它们通过许多细胞信号通路调节恶性细胞的生长，这些信号通路包括Rac家族小GTP酶1（RAC1）/PI3K/AKT（α-丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）、Wnt/β-连环蛋白通路、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）、Janus激酶和信号转导及转录激活因子（JAK-STAT）、核因子κB（NF-κB）、Notch通路、Hippo通路和Hedgehog通路。在本综述中，我们描述了几种天然产物，如桔梗皂苷D（PD）、人参皂苷Rd、维甲酸、芦丁、姜黄素、丁香提取物、桦木酸、白藜芦醇和姜黄素在结直肠癌中的表观遗传作用，包括它们对结直肠癌细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭、迁移和抗化疗耐药性的影响。目的是阐明天然产物在癌症预防和治疗中的表观遗传作用机制，并为（1）研究表观遗传学在影响结直肠癌中的作用提供理论基础；（2）研究结直肠癌的发生、发展和预后提供新方向；（3）治疗和预防结直肠癌提供新靶点。
