Mainster M A
Ophthalmology. 1986 Jul;93(7):952-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33637-6.
The therapeutic effects of macular photocoagulation result from focal heating of the retina and choroid. The magnitude, spatial extent, and duration of temperature increases produced by laser exposures are influenced by light scattering in intraocular and intraretinal transit; light absorption by melanin, hemoglobin, and xanthophyll in target tissues; and beam parameters, such as wavelength, spot size, and exposure duration. Tissue optics and thermodynamics provide a useful guide for selecting new laser systems of potential value in macular photocoagulation, but laser-tissue interactions and subsequent chorioretinal responses are poorly understood, and therapeutic efficacy can be established only by controlled clinical trials.
黄斑光凝的治疗效果源于视网膜和脉络膜的局部加热。激光照射产生的温度升高的幅度、空间范围和持续时间受眼内和视网膜内传播中的光散射、靶组织中黑色素、血红蛋白和叶黄素的光吸收以及光束参数（如波长、光斑大小和照射持续时间）的影响。组织光学和热力学为选择在黄斑光凝中具有潜在价值的新型激光系统提供了有用的指导，但激光与组织的相互作用以及随后的脉络膜视网膜反应仍知之甚少，且治疗效果只能通过对照临床试验来确定。
