Lal Kartikay, Jaywant Swapna A, Arif Khalid Mahmood
Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, SF&AT, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Aug 11;23(16):7099. doi: 10.3390/s23167099.
The health and integrity of our water sources are vital for the existence of all forms of life. However, with the growth in population and anthropogenic activities, the quality of water is being impacted globally, particularly due to a widespread problem of nitrate contamination that poses numerous health risks. To address this issue, investigations into various detection methods for the development of in situ real-time monitoring devices have attracted the attention of many researchers. Among the most prominent detection methods are chromatography, colorimetry, electrochemistry, and spectroscopy. While all these methods have their pros and cons, electrochemical and optical methods have emerged as robust and efficient techniques that offer cost-effective, accurate, sensitive, and reliable measurements. This review provides an overview of techniques that are ideal for field-deployable nitrate sensing applications, with an emphasis on electrochemical and optical detection methods. It discusses the underlying principles, recent advances, and various measurement techniques. Additionally, the review explores the current developments in real-time nitrate sensors and discusses the challenges of real-time implementation.
我们水源的健康与完整性对所有生命形式的存在至关重要。然而，随着人口增长和人类活动增加，全球水质正受到影响，尤其是由于硝酸盐污染这一普遍问题带来了众多健康风险。为解决这一问题，对开发原位实时监测设备的各种检测方法的研究吸引了众多研究人员的关注。其中最突出的检测方法有色谱法、比色法、电化学法和光谱法。虽然所有这些方法都有其优缺点，但电化学法和光学法已成为强大而高效的技术，能提供经济高效、准确、灵敏且可靠的测量。本综述概述了适用于现场可部署硝酸盐传感应用的技术，重点是电化学和光学检测方法。它讨论了基本原理、最新进展和各种测量技术。此外，该综述探讨了实时硝酸盐传感器的当前发展，并讨论了实时实施面临的挑战。
