Suppr
超能文献

超加工食品消费与成人炎症性肠病风险的关联：对 4035694 名参与者的系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析。

The association of ultra-processed food consumption with adult inflammatory bowel disease risk: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 4 035 694 participants.

机构信息

Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Nutr Rev. 2024 Jun 10;82(7):861-871. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad101.

DOI:10.1093/nutrit/nuad101

PMID:37632227

Abstract

CONTEXT

There is an inconsistency between the results obtained from observational studies regarding intake of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

OBJECTIVES

A dose-response meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between UPF intake and the risk of IBD.

DATA SOURCES

Searches were performed in the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to November 2, 2022.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data were available from 24 studies including a total of 4 035 694 participants from 20 countries.

DATA ANALYSIS

Risk ratios for IBD were analyzed by a random-effects model. Outcomes indicated that UPF intake was linked to an increased risk of IBD (relative risk [RR], 1.13; 95%CI, 1.06-1.21; P = 0.001; I2 = 73.2%; n = 59; N = 4 035 694). This association was significant, especially for the risk of Crohn's disease (CD) (RR, 1.19; 95%CI, 1.00-1.41; I2 = 78.2%; P = 0.046; n = 23; N = 2 167 160), unlike the risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) (RR = 1.11; 95%CI, 0.99-1.26; P = 0.085; I2 = 60.3%; n = 27; N = 2 167 918). Also, results revealed that each 10% enhancement in daily UPF intake was not related to the risk of IBD (RR, 1.05; 95%CI, 0.98-1.14; P = 0.168; I2 = 31.9%; n = 4) or the risk of UC (RR, 1.01; 95%CI, 0.92-1.11; P = 0.876; I2 = 34.7%; n = 2) in adults. However, results suggested that for every 10% increase in daily UPF intake, there was a 19% increase in the risk of CD (RR, 1.19; 95%CI, 1.01-1.32; P = 0.021; I2 = 0.0%; n = 2) among adults. In addition, the results showed a positive linear relation between UPF intake with CD risk (Pnonlinearity = 0.431; Pdose response = 0.049) but not risk of IBD or UC.

CONCLUSION

High intake of UPFs was linked with an enhanced IBD risk, a specific risk of CD. However, conducting more observational studies among several ethnicities and using specific tools that accurately assess the amount of UPF consumption, components of UPFs, and food additives may be necessary. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023390258.

摘要

背景

观察性研究中关于超加工食品（UPF）摄入与炎症性肠病（IBD）风险之间的结果存在不一致性。

目的

进行剂量-反应荟萃分析，以评估 UPF 摄入与 IBD 风险之间的关系。

数据来源

截至 2022 年 11 月 2 日，在 PubMed、ISI Web of Science 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了检索。

数据提取

从 20 个国家的 24 项研究中获取了数据，共包括 4035694 名参与者。

数据分析

采用随机效应模型分析 IBD 的风险比。结果表明，UPF 摄入与 IBD 风险增加相关（相对风险 [RR]，1.13；95%CI，1.06-1.21；P=0.001；I2=73.2%；n=59；N=4035694）。这种关联是显著的，特别是对于克罗恩病（CD）的风险（RR，1.19；95%CI，1.00-1.41；I2=78.2%；P=0.046；n=23；N=2167160），而溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的风险则不然（RR=1.11；95%CI，0.99-1.26；P=0.085；I2=60.3%；n=27；N=2167918）。此外，结果表明，每日 UPF 摄入增加 10%与 IBD（RR，1.05；95%CI，0.98-1.14；P=0.168；I2=31.9%；n=4）或 UC（RR，1.01；95%CI，0.92-1.11；P=0.876；I2=34.7%；n=2）的风险均无相关性。然而，结果表明，对于成年人而言，每日 UPF 摄入每增加 10%，CD 的风险就会增加 19%（RR，1.19；95%CI，1.01-1.32；P=0.021；I2=0.0%；n=2）。此外，结果表明，UPF 摄入与 CD 风险之间存在正线性关系（Pnonlinearity=0.431；Pdose response=0.049），但与 IBD 或 UC 风险无关。