Phiri Doreen, Amelia Vivi Leona, Muslih Muhammad, Dlamini Lindelwa Portia, Chung Min-Huey, Chang Pi-Chen
School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2023 Aug 26;17(1):100. doi: 10.1186/s13034-023-00644-5.
Sleep disturbance has become a major challenge among adolescents worldwide. Substance use is among the most common factors contributing to sleep disturbance. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence and categories of sleep disturbance among adolescents with substance use.
We comprehensively searched for relevant studies published in the following databases from inception to August 2022: CINHAL (via EBSCOhost), PubMed, Scopus, Ovid Medline, Embase, ProQuest, and Web of Science. Data analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3 software. We used a random-effects model to pool prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Forest plots and p values for the Cochran Q statistic were used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to compare the groups and identify the sources of heterogeneity.
We examined 18 studies that reported insomnia, hypersomnolence, sleep-related breathing disorders as sleep disturbances among adolescents with the use of alcohol, smoking, marijuana, and coffee. The total sample was 124,554. The overall prevalence rate of sleep disturbance was 29% (95% CI: 0.201-0.403). Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence rates of insomnia and hypersomnolence were higher among alcohol users (31%; 95% CI: 0.100-0.654) and smokers (46%; 95% CI: 0.232-0.700). The study design and method of assessment groups were the significant moderators that showed the source of variation in the included studies.
Sleep disturbance is highly prevalent among adolescents with substance use. Insomnia and hypersomnolence are more prevalent among alcohol users and smokers, respectively. On the basis of our findings, health-care providers can develop effective targeted interventions to reduce substance use, prevent sleep disturbance, and promote healthy sleep habits among adolescents.
睡眠障碍已成为全球青少年面临的一项重大挑战。物质使用是导致睡眠障碍的最常见因素之一。本系统评价和荟萃分析探讨了使用物质的青少年中睡眠障碍的患病率及类别。
我们全面检索了以下数据库从建库至2022年8月发表的相关研究：CINHAL（通过EBSCOhost）、PubMed、Scopus、Ovid Medline、Embase、ProQuest和Web of Science。使用综合荟萃分析3软件进行数据分析。我们采用随机效应模型汇总患病率及95%置信区间（CI）。森林图和Cochran Q统计量的p值用于评估研究间的异质性。进行亚组分析和荟萃回归分析以比较各组并确定异质性来源。
我们纳入了18项研究，这些研究报告了使用酒精、吸烟、大麻和咖啡的青少年中存在失眠、嗜睡、睡眠相关呼吸障碍等睡眠障碍情况。总样本量为124,554。睡眠障碍的总体患病率为29%（95%CI：0.201 - 0.403）。亚组分析显示，饮酒者（31%；95%CI：0.100 - 0.654）和吸烟者（46%；95%CI：0.232 - 0.700）中失眠和嗜睡的患病率更高。研究设计和评估组方法是显示纳入研究中变异来源的显著调节因素。
使用物质的青少年中睡眠障碍非常普遍。失眠和嗜睡分别在饮酒者和吸烟者中更为普遍。基于我们的研究结果，医疗保健提供者可以制定有效的针对性干预措施，以减少物质使用、预防睡眠障碍并促进青少年养成健康的睡眠习惯。
