Sandoval Danny Fernando, Florez Jesús Fernando, Enciso Valencia Karen Johanna, Sotelo Cabrera Mauricio Efren, Stefan Burkart
International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Tropical Forages Program, km 17 recta Cali-Palmira, Cali, Colombia.
Heliyon. 2023 Aug 11;9(8):e19082. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19082. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Cattle production in Colombia has an important social and economic role but causes considerable environmental impacts, such as deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions by ruminants, particularly methane. Thus, technological innovations aimed at reducing these impacts must focus on both economic and environmental sustainability. Silvo-pastoral systems (SPS) offer productivity increases while generating environmental benefits and ecosystem services and are therefore at the center of debate around sustainable production alternatives. The objective of this article is to evaluate the economic-environmental performance of two proposed SPS for a cattle fattening system for the Colombian context: (i) cv. Toledo and (ii) hybrid cv. Cayman, both in association with trees for browsing and shade provision. They are compared with the respective base scenarios of only using the grasses in monocultures. The study consists of a financial analysis, which estimates potential profitability increases in beef production in the SPS, and an environmental evaluation, which estimates the monetary values of microclimatic regulation and reduction of methane emissions. The value of methane emission reductions is then integrated into a combined economic-environmental evaluation. Results show that both SPS improve the profitability indicators of the production system and reduce the probability of economic loss. Likewise, the reduction of methane emissions in the SPS is estimated at US$6.12 per cattle, and the economic value of microclimatic regulation at US$2,026 per hectare.
哥伦比亚的养牛业具有重要的社会和经济作用，但会对环境造成相当大的影响，例如森林砍伐以及反刍动物（尤其是甲烷）产生的温室气体排放。因此，旨在减少这些影响的技术创新必须注重经济和环境的可持续性。林牧系统（SPS）在提高生产力的同时还能带来环境效益和生态系统服务，因此处于围绕可持续生产替代方案的争论核心。本文的目的是评估针对哥伦比亚背景下的肉牛育肥系统提出的两种林牧系统的经济环境绩效：（i）托莱多品种；（ii）开曼杂交品种，二者均与用于放牧和遮荫的树木相结合。将它们与仅使用单一栽培牧草的各自基础情景进行比较。该研究包括一项财务分析，估计林牧系统中牛肉生产的潜在盈利能力增长，以及一项环境评估，估计小气候调节和甲烷排放减少的货币价值。然后将甲烷排放减少的价值纳入经济 - 环境综合评估。结果表明，两种林牧系统都改善了生产系统的盈利能力指标，并降低了经济损失的可能性。同样，林牧系统中每头牛的甲烷排放减少量估计为6.12美元，每公顷小气候调节的经济价值为2026美元。
