Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics. Universidad del Rosario, Kr 26 No 63B-48, 111221, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas-ECOLMOD, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 # 45-03, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 18;10(1):4971. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61861-y.
Protected areas (PAs) are a foundational and essential strategy for reducing biodiversity loss. However, many PAs around the world exist on paper only; thus, while logging and habitat conversion may be banned in these areas, illegal activities often continue to cause alarming habitat destruction. In such cases, the presence of armed conflict may ultimately prevent incursions to a greater extent than the absence of conflict. Although there are several reports of habitat destruction following cessation of conflict, there has never been a systematic and quantitative "before-and-after-conflict" analysis of a large sample of PAs and surrounding areas. Here we report the results of such a study in Colombia, using an open-access global forest change dataset. By analysing 39 PAs over three years before and after Colombia's peace agreement with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), we found a dramatic and highly significant increase in the deforestation rate for the majority of these areas and their buffer zones. We discuss the reasons behind such findings from the Colombian case, and debate some general conservation lessons applicable to other countries undergoing post-conflict transitions.
保护区（PAs）是减少生物多样性丧失的基础和必要策略。然而，世界上许多保护区仅停留在纸面上；因此，尽管这些地区可能禁止伐木和栖息地转换，但非法活动仍在继续，导致令人震惊的栖息地破坏。在这种情况下，武装冲突的存在可能最终会比没有冲突更能阻止入侵。尽管有几起因冲突停止而导致的栖息地破坏的报告，但从未对大量保护区及其周边地区进行过系统和定量的“冲突前-冲突后”分析。在这里，我们使用一个开放获取的全球森林变化数据集报告了哥伦比亚的此类研究结果。通过分析哥伦比亚与哥伦比亚革命武装力量（FARC）达成和平协议前三年和后三年的 39 个保护区，我们发现这些地区及其缓冲区的森林砍伐率大幅显著增加。我们从哥伦比亚案例中讨论了这些发现的原因，并就其他正在经历冲突后过渡的国家适用的一些一般性保护经验进行了辩论。
