Debelu Desi, Mengistu Dechasa Adare, Tolera Sina Temesgen, Aschalew Alemayehu, Deriba Wegene
School of Environmental Health, College of Health and Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Institutional development and facility management, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar town, Ethiopia.
Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol. 2023 Aug 22;10:23333928231192834. doi: 10.1177/23333928231192834. eCollection 2023 Jan-Dec.
Occupational-related diseases or illnesses account for an estimated 2.4 million deaths worldwide every year. Currently, occupational hazards threaten healthcare workers' (HCWs) lives, safety, and well-being. Therefore, providing the prevalence and major causes of occupational-related diseases may enable injury reduction and the creation of safer working environments, which are important for providing higher quality services. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of occupational-related injuries and associated risk factors among HCWs, particularly in developing countries.
The articles published in English were retrieved using a combination of Boolean logic operators (AND, OR, and NOT), Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), and keywords in electronic databases (SCOPUS/Science Direct, Web of Science, DOAJ, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Google Scholars). Using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools, a quality assessment was conducted to determine the articles' relevance. In addition, the relevant articles were identified through a series of assessment and evaluation stages.
About 721 studies were searched using electronic databases, of which 36 articles included 139,578 HCWs. The average prevalence of occupational-related injuries among HCWs in the career and previous last year accounted for 60.17%, ranged from 32% to 87.8% and 39.16%, ranged from 1.14% to 87%, respectively. The current study found that sex and hours worked, stress at work, occupation, age, training in infection prevention, use of universal precautions, recapping needles, ward work experience, staffing and resource adequacy, awareness, outdated guidelines, and previous exposure to sharp injury were statistically associated with occupational-related injuries.
This study revealed that 39% and 60% of HCWs experienced occupational-related injuries in the last year and during their career, respectively. Therefore, the appropriate measures must be taken to reduce the burden of occupational-related injuries by following standard precautions or occupational health and safety measures.
据估计，全球每年有240万人死于职业病。目前，职业危害威胁着医护人员的生命、安全和健康。因此，提供职业病的患病率和主要病因可能有助于减少伤害，并创造更安全的工作环境，这对于提供更高质量的服务非常重要。本研究旨在确定医护人员中职业相关伤害的患病率及其相关危险因素，尤其是在发展中国家。
使用布尔逻辑运算符（AND、OR和NOT）、医学主题词（MeSH）以及电子数据库（SCOPUS/科学直连、科学引文索引、开放获取期刊目录、医学期刊数据库/医学在线、护理及健康领域数据库、谷歌学术）中的关键词检索英文发表的文章。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评价工具进行质量评估，以确定文章的相关性。此外，通过一系列评估和评价阶段确定相关文章。
使用电子数据库检索了约721项研究，其中36篇文章纳入了139,578名医护人员。在职医护人员和过去一年中职业相关伤害的平均患病率分别为60.17%（范围为32%至87.8%）和39.16%（范围为1.14%至87%）。本研究发现，性别、工作时长、工作压力、职业、年龄、感染预防培训、通用预防措施的使用、回套针头、病房工作经验、人员配备和资源充足性、意识、过时的指南以及既往锐器伤暴露与职业相关伤害在统计学上相关。
本研究表明，分别有39%和60%的医护人员在过去一年和职业生涯中经历过职业相关伤害。因此，必须采取适当措施，通过遵循标准预防措施或职业健康与安全措施来减轻职业相关伤害的负担。
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