Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Hepatol Commun. 2023 Aug 28;7(9). doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000214. eCollection 2023 Sep 1.
The presence of workplace bias around child-rearing and inadequate parental leave may negatively impact childbearing decisions and sex equity in hepatology. This study aimed to understand the influence of parental leave and child-rearing on career advancement in hepatology.
A cross-sectional survey of physician members of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) was distributed through email listserv in January 2021. The 33-item survey included demographic questions, questions about bias, altering training, career plans, family planning, parental leave, and work accommodations.
Among 199 US physician respondents, 65.3% were women, and 83.4% (n = 166) were attendings. Sex and racial differences were reported in several domains, including paid leave, perceptions of bias, and child-rearing. Most women (79.3%) took fewer than the recommended 12 paid weeks of parental leave for their first child (average paid leave 7.5 wk for women and 1.7 for men). A majority (75.2%) of women reported workplace discrimination, including 83.3% of Black and 62.5% of Hispanic women. Twenty percent of women were asked about their/their partners' pregnancy intentions or child-rearing plans during interviews for training. Women were more likely to alter career plans due to child-rearing (30.0% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.030). Women were also more likely to delay having children than men (69.5% vs.35.9%).
Women reported sex and maternity bias in the workplace and during training interviews, which was more frequently experienced by Black and Hispanic women. As two-thirds of women had children during training, it is a particularly influential time to reevaluate programmatic support to address long-term gender disparities in career advancement.
围绕育儿和父母假不足的工作场所偏见可能会对生育决策和肝脏病学领域的性别平等产生负面影响。本研究旨在了解父母假和育儿对肝脏病学职业发展的影响。
2021 年 1 月，通过电子邮件列表向美国肝病研究学会（AASLD）的医师成员分发了一份横断面调查。该 33 项调查包括人口统计学问题、关于偏见、改变培训、职业计划、家庭计划、父母假和工作适应的问题。
在 199 名美国医生受访者中，65.3%是女性，83.4%（n=166）是主治医生。在带薪休假、偏见看法和育儿等几个领域报告了性别和种族差异。大多数女性（79.3%）休的带薪假少于第一个孩子推荐的 12 周（女性平均带薪假 7.5 周，男性 1.7 周）。大多数女性（75.2%）报告了工作场所歧视，包括 83.3%的黑人女性和 62.5%的西班牙裔女性。在培训面试中，有 20%的女性被问及她们/她们伴侣的怀孕意向或育儿计划。由于育儿，女性改变职业计划的可能性更大（30.0%比 15.9%，p=0.030）。与男性相比，女性也更有可能推迟生育（69.5%比 35.9%）。
女性报告称在工作场所和培训面试中存在性别和母性偏见，黑人女性和西班牙裔女性更频繁地经历这种偏见。由于三分之二的女性在培训期间生育，因此这是一个特别重要的时期，可以重新评估计划支持，以解决职业发展中长期存在的性别差距。
