Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, 9900-138 Horta, Portugal.
Instituto de Investigação em Ciências do Mar - OKEANOS, Universidade dos Açores, 9900-138 Horta, Portugal.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Sep;194(Pt A):115428. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115428. Epub 2023 Aug 26.
Play is a common behaviour in wild cetaceans that includes the manipulation of natural, as well as artificial objects such as marine debris. Yet, very little is known about these interactions despite the potential impacts on cetacean health. We combined a detailed review of the scientific literature and social media with 12 years of observations to examine cetacean interactions with plastic litter. A total of 11 odontocete species (Tursiops truncatus, Stenella longirostris, Delphinus delphis, Grampus griseus, Steno bredanensis, Stenella frontalis, Sotalia guianensis, Pseudorca crassidens, Orcinus orca, Globicephala melas and Physeter macrocephalus) were documented in 59 events carrying or throwing plastic litter with their head and/or flippers suggesting a form of play. Interactions occurred in the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean, and Red Sea, with single-use plastics composing the main typology registered. While these interactions appeared harmless to the observers, they can pose a significant risk through subsequent entanglement or ingestion.
玩耍是野生鲸目动物的常见行为，包括对自然物体以及海洋废弃物等人工物体的操纵。然而，尽管这些行为可能对鲸目动物的健康产生影响，但我们对这些相互作用却知之甚少。我们结合了对科学文献和社交媒体的详细审查以及 12 年的观察，研究了鲸目动物与塑料垃圾的相互作用。共有 11 种齿鲸物种（短吻海豚、长喙真海豚、宽吻海豚、灰海豚、小抹香鲸、弗氏海豚、瓜头鲸、伪虎鲸、虎鲸、大翅鲸和抹香鲸）在 59 次事件中被记录到用头部和/或鳍肢携带或投掷塑料垃圾，这表明它们正在玩耍。这些相互作用发生在大西洋、太平洋、印度洋、地中海和红海，其中主要记录的是一次性塑料。虽然这些相互作用对观察者来说似乎没有危害，但它们可能会通过随后的缠绕或摄入而带来重大风险。
