Krüger Kathrin, Lapstich Anne-Marie, Reber Katrin Christiane, Sehlen Stephanie, Liersch Sebastian, Krauth Christian
Hannover Medical School, Institute for Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hanover, Germany.
Center for Health Economics Research Hannover (CHERH), Otto-Brenner-Straße 7, 30159, Hanover, Germany.
Arch Public Health. 2023 Aug 29;81(1):163. doi: 10.1186/s13690-023-01173-5.
Early detection examinations and prevention are particularly important in childhood and adolescence, as certain diseases are already developing and health-related attitudes and behaviour patterns are formed and implemented. Despite the importance of screening and prevention, not all families use the available services and programmes. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with participation in an early detection and prevention programme for children and adolescents, as well as factors associated with actual uptake of an examination. The analyses are based on questionnaire data of an online survey of participants and non-participants. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression models are conducted on a defined sample (n = 1,289). The results show that both groups differ with regard to several factors: age, chronic diseases, federal state, living space, number of siblings, country of birth, migration background, language spoken at home, mother's occupational status, household income, treatment duration, and trust in treating physician. Regression I shows that participation in the programme is significantly associated with higher age, language spoken at home, mother's occupational status and greater trust in the treating physician. The latter demonstrates the highest predictive power. Regression II indicates that the actual uptake of an examination among participants is significantly affected by age, federal state and father's occupational status. Overall, the results of this study show that social background partly plays a role in participation, but that factors such as trust in the treating physician also have a significant impact. For the future, further research on the factors influencing participation in screening and prevention services or programmes for children and adolescents is important in order to develop strategies to overcome existing barriers and thus reach groups that have not been reached yet. In this context, trust in the treating physician and his or her influence on decision-making should in particular be considered.
早期检测检查和预防在儿童期和青少年期尤为重要，因为某些疾病已经在发展，与健康相关的态度和行为模式正在形成并得到实施。尽管筛查和预防很重要，但并非所有家庭都使用现有的服务和项目。本研究的目的是确定与儿童和青少年参与早期检测和预防项目相关的因素，以及与实际接受检查相关的因素。分析基于对参与者和非参与者的在线调查的问卷数据。对一个定义样本（n = 1289）进行描述性分析和逻辑回归模型分析。结果表明，两组在几个因素方面存在差异：年龄、慢性病、联邦州、居住空间、兄弟姐妹数量、出生国家、移民背景、在家说的语言、母亲的职业状况、家庭收入、治疗时长以及对治疗医生的信任。回归I表明，参与该项目与较高年龄、在家说的语言、母亲的职业状况以及对治疗医生的更大信任显著相关。后者显示出最高的预测能力。回归II表明，参与者中实际接受检查的情况受到年龄、联邦州和父亲的职业状况的显著影响。总体而言，本研究结果表明，社会背景在参与方面部分发挥作用，但对治疗医生的信任等因素也有重大影响。未来，进一步研究影响儿童和青少年参与筛查及预防服务或项目的因素很重要，以便制定策略克服现有障碍，从而覆盖尚未被触及的群体。在此背景下，尤其应考虑对治疗医生的信任及其对决策的影响。
