Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico Morelia, Av. Tecnológico 1500, Col. Lomas de Santiaguito, C.P. 58120, Morelia, Michoacán, México.
Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tzintzuntzan 173, Col. Matamoros, C.P. 58240, Morelia, Michoacán, México.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2023 Aug 28;95(suppl 1):e20200153. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202320200153. eCollection 2023.
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) contains secondary metabolites with antioxidant and bactericide activity; however, the study of the peel in the endemic varieties of Mexico has not been deepened. The polyphenols extraction of peel pomegranate endemic to the state of Michoacan, Mexico could be used in the formlulation of healthy food due contains antioxidant compounds or could be used like drugs due contains antibactericide compunds.In this work 3 varieties of pomegranate were analyzed; Wonderful, Apaseo and Tecozautla harvested in 2017 and 2018, carrying out a physicochemical characterization to establish the ripening, application of an experimental design of response surface for drying the peel and extracting polyphenols using two solvents (acetone and ethanol) by the Soxhlet method. As a result, the pomegranates were in the correct ripening, in the drying an optimal point of operation was found without affecting the metabolites (36 h at 55 °C) and in the extraction, the bactericide and antioxidant activity was evaluated observing that in the ketone extracts the best results were obtained in the Apaseo variety being; ABTS•+ technique of 150.78 ET mM/g, DPPH• 109.8 ET mM/g and 11.82 EAG mg/g in dry extract. For the bactericide activity measured by inhibition halos in S. aureus and E. coli it was had; 20.03 mm and 14.05 mm respectively for the Apaseo variety, which is why it is convenient to extract polyphenols under this method in peel of Mexican pomegranate varieties.
石榴（Punica granatum）含有具有抗氧化和杀菌活性的次生代谢物；然而，对墨西哥特有品种果皮的研究尚未深入。由于含有抗氧化化合物，墨西哥米却肯州特有的石榴皮的多酚提取物可以用于开发保健食品，或者由于含有抗菌化合物，可以用作药物。在这项工作中，分析了 3 种石榴；2017 年和 2018 年收获的 Wonderful、Apaseo 和 Tecozautla，进行了理化特性分析，以确定成熟度，应用响应面实验设计干燥果皮并使用两种溶剂（丙酮和乙醇）通过索氏提取法提取多酚。结果表明，石榴处于正确的成熟阶段，在干燥过程中找到了一个没有影响代谢物的最佳操作点（55°C 下 36 小时），在提取过程中，评估了杀菌和抗氧化活性，观察到在酮提取物中，Apaseo 品种获得了最佳结果，ABTS•+ 为 150.78 ET mM/g，DPPH•为 109.8 ET mM/g，干提取物中的 EAG mg/g 为 11.82。对于通过金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌抑制晕圈测量的杀菌活性，Apaseo 品种分别为 20.03mm 和 14.05mm，这就是为什么在这种方法下从墨西哥石榴品种的果皮中提取多酚是方便的。
