Chukwuma Chika Ifeanyi, Mashele Samson S, Akuru Eunice Amaka
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
J Food Biochem. 2020 May;44(5):e13175. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13175. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) is a widely eaten fruit. The antidiabetic, antioxidative, and antilipidemic properties of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the different plant's parts have been extensively studied, with scarce information on the acetone extract (ACE). This study investigated antidiabetic, antioxidative, and antiobesogenic properties of ACE of the fruit peel. Preliminary data showed that ACE showed stronger antioxidant (radical-scavenging IC = 1.56 μg/ml) and ⍺-amylase inhibitory (IC = 10.6 μg/ml) properties than the hydroalcoholic extracts and Acarbose. The ACE inhibited protein glycation and lipase activity. In hepatocytes, ACE impaired oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione depletion but increased glucose uptake without decreasing the cell viability. HPLC analysis showed predominant presence of bioactive phenolic acids (ferulic, caffeic, and gallic acids) in this extract. This study suggests that ACE of P. granatum fruit peel may be an understudied extract that contains potent antidiabetic and antioxidative bioactive principles with minimal toxicity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Plant derived medicines have been an affordable and effective alternative therapy for many metabolic diseases, including diabetes. The fruit juice and fruits of pomegranate is widely consumed for the palatable taste and cardiovascular benefits. This study provides preliminary experimental evidences confirming that of the acetone extracts of pomegranate fruit peel, which has been sparsely studied, may possess more potent antidiabetic and antioxidative property than to the routinely studied hydroalcoholic counterparts. Additionally, the acetone extract is rich in bioactive phenolic acids, suggesting that the acetone extract of pomegranate fruit peel may be a promising candidate for further antidiabetic study and a source of bioactive principles for the management of diabetes and oxidative complications.
石榴（Punica granatum L.）是一种广受欢迎的水果。不同植物部位的水醇提取物的抗糖尿病、抗氧化和抗血脂特性已得到广泛研究，而关于丙酮提取物（ACE）的信息却很少。本研究调查了石榴果皮ACE的抗糖尿病、抗氧化和抗肥胖特性。初步数据表明，ACE比水醇提取物和阿卡波糖具有更强的抗氧化（自由基清除IC = 1.56μg/ml）和α-淀粉酶抑制（IC = 10.6μg/ml）特性。ACE抑制蛋白质糖基化和脂肪酶活性。在肝细胞中，ACE可减轻氧化应激诱导的脂质过氧化并减少谷胱甘肽消耗，但可增加葡萄糖摄取且不降低细胞活力。高效液相色谱分析表明该提取物中主要存在生物活性酚酸（阿魏酸、咖啡酸和没食子酸）。本研究表明，石榴果皮的ACE可能是一种研究较少的提取物，它含有具有最小毒性的强效抗糖尿病和抗氧化生物活性成分。实际应用：植物源药物一直是包括糖尿病在内的许多代谢性疾病的一种经济有效替代疗法。石榴汁和石榴果实因其美味的口感和心血管益处而被广泛食用。本研究提供了初步实验证据，证实了此前研究较少的石榴果皮丙酮提取物可能比常规研究的水醇提取物具有更强的抗糖尿病和抗氧化特性。此外，丙酮提取物富含生物活性酚酸，这表明石榴果皮丙酮提取物可能是进一步抗糖尿病研究的有前途的候选物，也是管理糖尿病和氧化并发症的生物活性成分来源。
