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母体饮食质量与血浆脂质谱及与妊娠相关的心血管代谢健康的关系。

Maternal diet quality and associations with plasma lipid profiles and pregnancy-related cardiometabolic health.

机构信息

Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, 3220, Australia.

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Western Health, Footscray, Australia.

出版信息

Eur J Nutr. 2023 Dec;62(8):3369-3381. doi: 10.1007/s00394-023-03244-3. Epub 2023 Aug 30.

Abstract

PURPOSE

To assess the relationship of early pregnancy maternal diet quality (DQ) with maternal plasma lipids and indicators of cardiometabolic health, including blood pressure (BP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational weight gain (GWG).

METHODS

Women (n = 215) aged 18-40 years with singleton pregnancies were recruited at 10-20 weeks gestation. Diet quality was assessed by the Dietary Guideline Index, calculated at early ([mean ± SD]) (15 ± 3 weeks) and late (35 ± 2 weeks) pregnancy. Lipidomic analysis was performed, and 698 species across 37 lipid classes were measured from plasma blood samples collected at early (15 ± 3 weeks) and mid (27 ± 3 weeks)-pregnancy. Clinical measures (BP, GDM diagnosis, weight) and blood samples were collected across pregnancy. Multiple linear and logistic regression models assessed associations of early pregnancy DQ with plasma lipids at early and mid-pregnancy, BP at three antenatal visits, GDM diagnosis and total GWG.

RESULTS

Maternal DQ scores ([mean ± SD]) decreased significantly from early (70.7 ± 11.4) to late pregnancy (66.5 ± 12.6) (p < 0.0005). At a false discovery rate of 0.2, early pregnancy DQ was significantly associated with 13 plasma lipids at mid-pregnancy, including negative associations with six triglycerides (TGs); TG(54:0)[NL-18:0] (neutral loss), TG(50:1)[NL-14:0], TG(48:0)[NL-18:0], TG(52:1)[NL-18:0], TG(54:1)[NL-18:1], TG(50:0)[NL-18:0]. No statistically significant associations were found between early pregnancy DQ and BP, GDM or GWG.

CONCLUSION

Maternal diet did not adhere to Australian Dietary Guidelines. Diet quality was inversely associated with multiple plasma TGs. This study provides novel insights into the relationship between DQ, lipid biomarkers and cardiometabolic health during pregnancy.

摘要

目的

评估早期妊娠母体饮食质量(DQ)与母体血浆脂质和心血管代谢健康指标的关系,包括血压(BP)、妊娠糖尿病(GDM)和妊娠体重增加(GWG)。

方法

招募了 215 名年龄在 18-40 岁之间、单胎妊娠的女性,在妊娠 10-20 周时入组。DQ 通过饮食指导指数评估,分别在妊娠早期([均值±标准差] 15±3 周)和妊娠晚期(35±2 周)计算。从妊娠早期(15±3 周)和妊娠中期(27±3 周)采集的血浆血样中进行脂质组学分析,测量了 37 个脂质类别中的 698 种脂质。在整个妊娠期间收集了临床指标(BP、GDM 诊断、体重)和血样。多元线性和逻辑回归模型评估了妊娠早期 DQ 与妊娠早期和中期血浆脂质、三次产前访视的 BP、GDM 诊断和总 GWG 的关系。

结果

母体 DQ 评分([均值±标准差])从妊娠早期(70.7±11.4)显著下降至妊娠晚期(66.5±12.6)(p<0.0005)。在错误发现率为 0.2 时,妊娠早期 DQ 与妊娠中期的 13 种血浆脂质显著相关,包括与六种甘油三酯(TG)呈负相关;TG(54:0)[NL-18:0](中性丢失),TG(50:1)[NL-14:0],TG(48:0)[NL-18:0],TG(52:1)[NL-18:0],TG(54:1)[NL-18:1],TG(50:0)[NL-18:0]。妊娠早期 DQ 与 BP、GDM 或 GWG 之间无统计学显著相关性。

结论

母体饮食不符合澳大利亚膳食指南。DQ 与多种血浆 TG 呈负相关。本研究为 DQ、脂质生物标志物与妊娠期间心血管代谢健康之间的关系提供了新的见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7cbe/10611854/468dbfe58a09/394_2023_3244_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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