Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 May;202(5):2042-2051. doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03826-6. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) have diverse applications in numerous biomedical processes. The present study explored the effects of these nanoparticles on antioxidation, inflammation, tight junction integrity, and apoptosis in heat-stressed bovine intestinal epithelial cells (BIECs). Primary BIECs that were isolated and cultured from calves either were subjected to heat stress alone (42°C for 6 h) or were simultaneously heat-stressed and treated with nano-ZnO (0.8 μg/mL). Cell viability, apoptosis, and expression of genes involved in antioxidation (Nrf2, HO-1, SOD1, and GCLM), inflammation-related genes (TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10), intestinal barrier genes (Claudin, Occludin, and ZO-1), and apoptosis-related genes (Cyt-c, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9) were assessed to evaluate the effect of nano-ZnO on heat-stressed BIECs. The nanoparticles significantly increased cell viability and decreased the rate of apoptosis of BIECs induced by heat stress. In addition, nano-ZnO promoted the expression of antioxidant-related genes HO-1 and GCLM and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene IL-10, and inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokine-related genes IL-6 and IL-8. The nanoparticles also enhanced expression of the Claudin and ZO-1 genes, and decreased expression of the apoptosis-related genes Cyt-c and Caspase-3. These results reveal that nano-ZnO improve the antioxidant and immune capacity of BIECs and mitigate apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells induced by heat stress. Thus, nano-ZnO have potential for detrimental the adverse effects of heat stress in dairy cows.
氧化锌纳米粒子（nano-ZnO）在许多生物医学过程中具有多种应用。本研究探讨了这些纳米粒子对热应激牛肠上皮细胞（BIEC）的抗氧化、炎症、紧密连接完整性和细胞凋亡的影响。从小牛中分离和培养的原代 BIEC 要么单独接受热应激（42°C 6 小时），要么同时接受热应激和纳米 ZnO 处理（0.8μg/mL）。评估细胞活力、细胞凋亡以及参与抗氧化（Nrf2、HO-1、SOD1 和 GCLM）、炎症相关基因（TLR4、NF-κB、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8 和 IL-10）、肠屏障基因（Claudin、Occludin 和 ZO-1）和凋亡相关基因（Cyt-c、Caspase-3 和 Caspase-9）的表达，以评估纳米 ZnO 对热应激 BIEC 的影响。纳米粒子显著增加了由热应激诱导的 BIEC 的细胞活力并降低了细胞凋亡率。此外，纳米 ZnO 促进了抗氧化相关基因 HO-1 和 GCLM 以及抗炎细胞因子基因 IL-10 的表达，并抑制了促炎细胞因子相关基因 IL-6 和 IL-8 的表达。纳米粒子还增强了 Claudin 和 ZO-1 基因的表达，降低了凋亡相关基因 Cyt-c 和 Caspase-3 的表达。这些结果表明，纳米 ZnO 提高了 BIEC 的抗氧化和免疫能力，并减轻了热应激诱导的肠上皮细胞凋亡。因此，纳米 ZnO 可能有助于减轻奶牛热应激的不利影响。
