Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE, Sweden.
Soc Stud Sci. 2024 Feb;54(1):59-77. doi: 10.1177/03063127231193947. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
The article explores technology-human relations in a time of artificial intelligence (AI) and in the context of long-standing problems in social theory about agency, nonhumans, and autonomy. Most theorizations of AI are grounded in dualistic thinking and traditional views of technology, oversimplifying real-world settings. This article works to unfold modes of existence at play in AI/human relations. Materials from ethnographic fieldwork are used to highlight the significance of autonomy in AI/human relations. The analysis suggests that the idea of autonomy is a double-edged sword, showing that humans not only coordinate their perception of autonomy but also switch between registers by sometimes ascribing certain autonomous features to the AI system and in other situations denying the system such features. As a result, AI/human relations prove to be not so much determined by any ostensive delegation of tasks as by the way in which AI and humans engage with each other in practice. The article suggests a theory of relationality that redirects focus away from questions of agency towards questions of what it means to be in relations.
本文探讨了人工智能时代的技术-人类关系，并在社会理论中长期存在的关于能动性、非人类和自主性的问题的背景下进行了探讨。大多数关于人工智能的理论都是基于二元论思维和传统的技术观点，从而简化了现实世界的环境。本文旨在揭示人工智能/人类关系中存在的存在模式。本文使用民族志实地调查材料来强调自主性在人工智能/人类关系中的重要性。分析表明，自主性的概念是一把双刃剑，它表明人类不仅协调他们对自主性的感知，而且还通过有时将某些自主特征归因于人工智能系统，而在其他情况下否认系统具有这些特征，从而在寄存器之间切换。因此，人工智能/人类关系并不是由任何明显的任务委托决定的，而是由人工智能和人类在实践中相互作用的方式决定的。本文提出了一种关系理论，将焦点从能动性问题转移到关系意味着什么的问题上。
