Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria University, Champollion St, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Aug 31;23(1):616. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03351-x.
Early childhood caries can be prevented through regular parental-supported toothbrushing, indicating the importance of behavior modification interventions targeting parents. Mobile oral health (m-oral health) interventions are gaining increased popularity although their production is not always based on solid theoretical frameworks and evidence about the efficacy of individual intervention components is not available. The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) offers a framework to develop complex m-oral health interventions and assessing the efficacy of individual components.
This study describes the development and assesses the acceptability of 3 intervention components using MOST to promote mothers' brushing of their preschool children's teeth.
The Theory of Planned Behavior guided the development of 3 components: motivational interviewing (MI), storytelling videos (STVs), and oral health promotion messages (OHPMs). A researcher received training to conduct MI. Twenty-four OHPMs were developed, and 14 STVs scripts were developed based on the "And, But, Therefore" framework. A feasibility pilot study was conducted to determine the optimization objective and assess mothers' preferences regarding the frequency and timing of receiving the intervention components. The mothers participated in a semi-structured interview to assess the acceptability of the components using 7 open-ended questions based on the framework of acceptability and thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The mothers also responded to questions assessing the perceived and experienced acceptability of the components using close-ended questions. Descriptive statistics were presented as means and standard deviations for continuous variables and median and interquartile range for categorical variables.
Sixteen mothers were included. The mothers expressed positive affective attitude towards the interventions. They felt the components served as "good reminders" to brush their children's teeth. However, "time" was a burden for the mothers. 80% of the mothers preferred receiving the OHPMs and STVs once per week, from 8 pm to 2 am (50%), and 60% indicated they can set 15-30 min to receiving the interventions.
The 3 components were acceptable to the mothers. The OHPMs and STVs will be sent to the mothers once per week, between 8 pm to 2 am. The MI and follow-up phone calls will be limited to 15 min.
通过定期的父母支持的刷牙，可以预防幼儿龋齿，这表明针对父母的行为改变干预措施非常重要。移动口腔健康（m-oral health）干预措施越来越受欢迎，尽管它们的制作并不总是基于坚实的理论框架，而且个别干预措施的功效也没有可用的证据。多阶段优化策略（MOST）提供了一个开发复杂 m-oral health 干预措施并评估个别组成部分功效的框架。
本研究使用 MOST 描述和评估 3 种干预措施组件的开发情况，以促进母亲为其学龄前儿童刷牙。
计划行为理论指导了 3 个组件的开发：动机性访谈（MI）、故事视频（STV）和口腔健康促进信息（OHPM）。一名研究人员接受了进行 MI 的培训。开发了 24 个 OHPM，并且根据“而且，但是，因此”框架开发了 14 个 STV 脚本。进行了一项可行性试点研究，以确定优化目标，并评估母亲对接收干预措施组件的频率和时间的偏好。母亲参加了半结构化访谈，根据可接受性框架和主题分析，使用 7 个开放性问题评估了组件的可接受性，以分析定性数据。母亲还回答了一些封闭性问题，评估了对组件的感知和体验的可接受性。连续变量以平均值和标准差表示，分类变量以中位数和四分位间距表示。
共纳入 16 位母亲。母亲对干预措施表示出积极的情感态度。他们认为这些组件是“很好的提醒”，可以帮助他们为孩子刷牙。但是，“时间”对母亲来说是一种负担。80%的母亲更喜欢每周接收一次 OHPM 和 STV，时间为晚上 8 点至凌晨 2 点（50%），60%的母亲表示可以安排 15-30 分钟的时间来接收干预措施。
这 3 个组件被母亲接受。OHPM 和 STV 将每周发送一次，时间为晚上 8 点至凌晨 2 点。MI 和后续电话将限制在 15 分钟内。
