工作相关伤害和疾病的通知：对一起采矿灾难的观察性研究。
Notifications of work-related injuries and diseases: an observational study on a mining disaster.
机构信息
Graduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Discipline of Health Economics and Management, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Aug 31;23(1):936. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09838-1.
INTRODUCTION
Accidents at work are events that endanger the health and life of workers. They are considered a public health problem, being the object of studies and actions in the Brazilian health system. The collapsed of the ore tailings dam in the municipality of Brumadinho, Brazil, in January 2019, shocked the world due to the proportion of environmental and human damage caused. In this context, concern for the health of workers gained prominence. This paper evaluated the impact of the collapse of the mining tailings dam in Brumadinho, on notifications of occupational health problems before and after the disaster.
METHODS
An observational, longitudinal and retrospective study, of the time series type with a statistical approach was carried out on notifications of work-related injuries and diseases, available in the local database of the Notifiable Diseases Information System between January 2017 and December 2021.
RESULTS
During the study period, 520 notifications of work-related injuries and conditions were registered. Of this total, 67.3% were serious work accidents, 26.0% mental disorders, 12.3% accidents with biological material and 2.9% repetitive strain injuries/musculoskeletal disorders, occupational dermatoses and induced hearing loss by noise. Occurrences were more frequent in 2019, the year in which the mining disaster occurred, recording 65.2% of total notifications. Regarding the volume of notifications after the disaster, there was a statistically significant reduction (p < 0.001) for accidents with biological material; significant increase for severe work accident and mental disorder. The average time between the occurrence of the injury and the notification showed a statistically significant reduction for accidents involving biological material (p = 0.001) and a significant increase for serious accidents at work (p = 0.016).
CONCLUSIONS
It was demonstrated that there were changes in the number of notifications when comparing the period before and after the mining disaster, with a consequent impact on the health of workers, which may persist over the years.
简介
工作事故是危及工人健康和生命的事件。它们被视为公共卫生问题，是巴西卫生系统研究和行动的对象。2019 年 1 月，巴西布鲁马迪纽市的矿石尾矿坝溃坝事件震惊了世界，原因是其造成的环境和人员破坏规模巨大。在这种情况下，对工人健康的关注凸显出来。本文评估了布鲁马迪纽矿业尾矿坝溃坝对灾难前后职业健康问题报告的影响。
方法
这是一项关于工作相关伤害和疾病报告的观察性、纵向和回顾性研究，采用时间序列类型的统计方法，对 2017 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间可在本地可报告疾病信息系统数据库中获得的报告进行了分析。
结果
在研究期间，共登记了 520 份与工作相关的伤害和疾病报告。在这总数中，67.3%为严重工作事故，26.0%为精神障碍，12.3%为与生物材料相关的事故，2.9%为重复性劳损/肌肉骨骼疾病、职业性皮肤病和噪声引起的听力损失。事故发生率在 2019 年较高，即发生矿业灾难的那一年，记录了总报告的 65.2%。关于灾难后的报告数量，与生物材料相关的事故有统计学意义的减少（p<0.001）；严重工作事故和精神障碍显著增加。受伤和报告之间的平均时间显示，与生物材料相关的事故有统计学意义的减少（p=0.001），严重工作事故有显著增加（p=0.016）。
结论
结果表明，在比较矿业灾难前后的报告数量时，发生了变化，这对工人的健康产生了相应的影响，这种影响可能会持续多年。
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