Darré Tchin, Djiwa Toukilnan, Kogoe Roland-Moise Lidawu, Eklu Kodjo Eugene, Alassani Fousseni, Simgban Panakinao, Bombone Mayi, Sama Bagassam, Tchangai Boyodi, Bagny Aklesso, Napo-Koura Gado
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
Department of Gastroenterology, University Teaching Hospital, Lome, Togo.
Clin Pathol. 2023 Aug 29;16:2632010X231195238. doi: 10.1177/2632010X231195238. eCollection 2023 Jan-Dec.
Esophagus cancer is cancer of poor prognosis, of often late diagnosis. The objective of this study was to describe the factors associated with esophagus cancers in the Togolese population.
It was a retrospective descriptive, cross-sectional study, on esophagus cancers histologically diagnosed at the Pathological Laboratory of Lomé over a period of 31 years (1990-2021).
We have collected 144 cases of esophagus cancer. The average age of patients was 57 ± 12 years, and the sex ratio was 2.34. The most applicant service was the service of Hepato Gastroenterology of CHU Campus (30.6%). Alcohol (57.6%), tobacco (45.8%) were the most present risk factors. Biopsies were the most addressed (97.2%). The average duration of symptom evolution was 6.42 months and the main symptom at the time of diagnosis was dysphagia (36.8%). The location of cancer was the lower third for 71.5% of cases. At histology, epidermoid carcinoma was the dominant type (90.3%). Male sex was statistically associated with the occurrence of epidermoid carcinoma and female sex with the occurrence of adenocarcinoma ( < .001). Alcohol, smoking, and consumption of hot foods were statistically associated with the occurrence of epidermoid carcinoma in this study ( < .05).
Esophagus cancer remains a serious condition for late diagnosis. These are mainly epidermoid carcinomas and having alcohol and tobacco as risk factors. The awareness of the population on the main risk factors would reduce the incidence of oesophagus cancers within the Togolese population.
食管癌是一种预后较差、常诊断较晚的癌症。本研究的目的是描述多哥人群中与食管癌相关的因素。
这是一项回顾性描述性横断面研究，研究对象为在洛美病理实验室经组织学诊断的食管癌患者，研究时间跨度为31年（1990 - 2021年）。
我们收集了144例食管癌病例。患者的平均年龄为57±12岁，性别比为2.34。就诊最多的科室是CHU校园的肝胃肠病科（30.6%）。酒精（57.6%）、烟草（45.8%）是最常见的危险因素。活检是最常用的检查方法（97.2%）。症状出现的平均持续时间为6.42个月，诊断时的主要症状是吞咽困难（36.8%）。71.5%的病例癌症位于食管下段。在组织学上，鳞状细胞癌是主要类型（90.3%）。男性与鳞状细胞癌的发生在统计学上相关，女性与腺癌的发生在统计学上相关（P<0.001）。在本研究中，酒精、吸烟和食用热食与鳞状细胞癌的发生在统计学上相关（P<0.05）。
食管癌仍然是一种诊断较晚的严重疾病。这些癌症主要是鳞状细胞癌，酒精和烟草是危险因素。提高人群对主要危险因素的认识将降低多哥人群中食管癌的发病率。
