Félix Gautier, Fabregue Nicolas, Leroy César, Métro Thomas-Xavier, Chen Chia-Hsin, Laurencin Danielle
ICGM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2023 Sep 13;25(35):23435-23447. doi: 10.1039/d3cp02540c.
While ball-milling is becoming one of the common tools used by synthetic chemists, an increasing number of studies highlight that it is possible to further expand the nature and number of products which can be synthesized, by heating the reaction media during mechanochemical reactions. Hence, developing set-ups enabling heating and milling to be combined is an important target, which has been looked into in both academic and industrial laboratories. Here, we report a new approach for heating up reaction media during ball-milling reactions, using induction heating (referred to as i-BM). Our set-up is attractive not only because it enables a very fast heating of the milling medium (reaching ≈80 °C in just 15 s), and that it is directly adaptable to commercially-available milling equipment, but also because it enables heating either the walls of the milling jars or the beads themselves, depending on the choice of the materials which compose them. Importantly, the possibility to heat a milling medium "from the inside" (when using for example a PMMA jar and stainless steel beads) is a unique feature compared to previously proposed systems. Through numerical simulations, we then show that it is possible to finely tune the properties of this heating system ( heating rate and maximum temperature reached), by playing with the characteristics of the milling system and/or the induction heating conditions used. Lastly, examples of applications of i-BM are given, showing how it can be used to help elucidate reaction mechanisms in ball-milling, to synthesize new molecules, and to control the physical nature of milling media.
虽然球磨正成为合成化学家常用的工具之一，但越来越多的研究表明，通过在机械化学反应过程中加热反应介质，可以进一步扩大可合成产物的种类和数量。因此，开发能够将加热和球磨相结合的装置是一个重要目标，学术和工业实验室都在对此进行研究。在此，我们报告一种在球磨反应过程中加热反应介质的新方法，即感应加热（称为i - BM）。我们的装置具有吸引力，不仅因为它能使球磨介质非常快速地升温（在短短15秒内达到约80°C），而且它能直接适配市售的球磨设备，还因为它能够根据构成球磨罐和珠子的材料选择，加热球磨罐的壁或珠子本身。重要的是，与先前提出的系统相比，能够“从内部”加热球磨介质（例如使用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯罐和不锈钢珠子时）是一个独特的特性。通过数值模拟，我们随后表明，通过调整球磨系统的特性和/或所使用的感应加热条件，可以精细地调节这种加热系统的性能（加热速率和达到的最高温度）。最后，给出了i - BM的应用实例，展示了它如何用于帮助阐明球磨中的反应机理、合成新分子以及控制球磨介质的物理性质。
