Ajiki Jun, Naitoh Yasuyuki, Kanazawa Motohiro, Fujihara Atsuko, Ukimura Osamu
Kyoto-Chubu Medical Center, Yagicho-Yagiueno 25, Nantan City, Kyoto, 629-0197, Japan.
Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji 465, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
J Med Ultrason (2001). 2023 Sep 1. doi: 10.1007/s10396-023-01358-z.
Ultrasound imaging is a less invasive imaging modality without radiation exposure and is available for repeated tests. It is the gold standard examination for diagnosing and managing disorders of the urinary tract, including lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in pediatric urology. Ultrasound imaging is effective for screening underlying diseases and determining treatment strategies. Ultrasound examination at the bedside should focus on post-voided residual urine (PVR), bladder wall thickening, renal morphology, and rectal diameter. Since PVR must be tested immediately after voiding, examining infants who cannot complain of the urge to void is difficult. PVR measurement combined with a 4-h voiding observation or alarm system activated by urine is recommended for these infants. Early diagnosis is important because LUTD is associated with the risk of morbid residual urine and high voiding pressure, which can result in renal deterioration, urinary leakage, and febrile urinary tract infection.
超声成像是一种侵入性较小的成像方式，无辐射暴露，可用于重复检查。它是诊断和管理泌尿系统疾病（包括小儿泌尿外科下尿路功能障碍（LUTD））的金标准检查。超声成像对于筛查潜在疾病和确定治疗策略有效。床边超声检查应关注排尿后残余尿量（PVR）、膀胱壁增厚、肾脏形态和直肠直径。由于PVR必须在排尿后立即检测，因此检查不能诉说排尿冲动的婴儿很困难。对于这些婴儿，建议将PVR测量与4小时排尿观察或尿液激活的警报系统相结合。早期诊断很重要，因为LUTD与病态残余尿量和高排尿压力的风险相关，这可能导致肾脏恶化、尿失禁和发热性尿路感染。
