Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA.
Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2024 Mar;82:101897. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2023.101897. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
Misophonia is a recently identified condition characterized by negative emotional responsivity to certain types of sounds. Although progress has been made in understanding of neuronal, psychophysiological, and psychopathological mechanisms, important gaps in research remain, particularly insight into cognitive function. Accordingly, we conducted the first neuropsychological examination of misophonia, including clinical, diagnostic, and functional correlates.
A misophonia group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 64) were screened for comorbidities using a formal semi-structured interview and completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and self-report measures of depression, anxiety, stress, impulsivity, and functional impairment.
The misophonia group significantly underperformed the control group on only 2 neuropsychological outcomes involving verbal memory retrieval. Subscales of the Misophonia Questionaaire (MQ) were inversely correlated only with measures of attention. The misophonia group reported significantly higher anxiety symptoms, behavioral impulsivity, and functional impairments, and had numerically higher rates of ADHD and OCD.
To facilitate comparability, in lieu of a formal diagnostic algorithm for misophonia, we used a commonly used empirical definition for group allocation that has been utilized in numerous previous studies.
Misophonia was associated with a reduction in performance on a minority of cognitive tasks and a modest increase in some psychological symptoms and comorbid conditions. Correlational data suggest that difficulties with attention regulation and impulsivity may play a role in misophonia, albeit attention functions were intact. Results should be interpreted with caution given the variability in diagnostic definitions, and more research is needed to understand cognitive functioning under 'cold' conditions in misophonia.
厌恶症是一种最近被确定的病症，其特征是对某些类型的声音产生负面的情绪反应。尽管在理解神经元、心理生理和心理病理学机制方面已经取得了进展，但研究中仍存在重要的空白，特别是对认知功能的了解。因此，我们进行了首次对厌恶症的神经心理学检查，包括临床、诊断和功能相关性。
使用正式的半结构式访谈对厌恶症组（n=32）和对照组（n=64）进行了共病筛查，并完成了全面的神经心理学测试以及抑郁、焦虑、压力、冲动和功能障碍的自我报告测量。
只有 2 项涉及言语记忆检索的神经心理学结果显示，厌恶症组的表现明显低于对照组。厌恶症问卷（MQ）的子量表仅与注意力测量呈负相关。厌恶症组报告的焦虑症状、行为冲动和功能障碍明显更高，ADHD 和 OCD 的发生率也更高。
为了便于比较，我们没有使用正式的厌恶症诊断算法，而是使用了在许多先前研究中使用过的常用经验定义来进行分组。
厌恶症与少数认知任务的表现下降以及一些心理症状和共病情况的适度增加有关。相关数据表明，注意力调节和冲动性困难可能在厌恶症中起作用，尽管注意力功能正常。鉴于诊断定义的变异性，结果应谨慎解释，需要进一步研究以了解厌恶症下的“冷”条件下的认知功能。
