Gu Mei, Fu Jiayun, Yan Honglin, Yue Xiaofeng, Zhao Shancang, Zhang Qi, Li Peiwu
Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430061, China.
Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Wuhan, 430061, China.
NPJ Sci Food. 2023 Sep 1;7(1):45. doi: 10.1038/s41538-023-00210-5.
Aflatoxin is a group of strongly toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and other Aspergillus species, which caused food contamination and food loss problems widely across the world especially in developing countries, thus threatening human health and sustainable development. So, it is important to develop new, green, and broad-spectrum biocontrol technology for the prevention of aflatoxin contamination sources. Previously, we found that the PO8 protein from aflatoxigenic A. flavus could be used as a biomarker to predict aflatoxin production in peanuts (so the PO8 is named as an early warning molecule), which infers that the PO8 is relative to aflatoxin production. Therefore, in the study, based on inhibiting the PO8, a new and quick strategy for screening aflatoxin biocontrol strains for developing control agents was presented. With the PO8 inhibition method, four biocontrol strains (2 strains were isolated from peanut kernels with sterilized surface and another 2 strains from peanut rhizosphere soil) were selected and combined to increase prevention wide-spectrum. As a result, the combination showed over 90% inhibition to all tested aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolated from three different peanut production areas (north, middle, and south areas of China), and better than any single strain. The field experiments located in five provinces of China showed that the practice prevention effects (inhibition of aflatoxigenic fungi on the surface of the peanuts) were from 50% to over 80%. The results indicated that the strategy of inhibiting the early warning molecule PO8 can be used to develop aflatoxin control agents well.
黄曲霉毒素是由黄曲霉和其他曲霉菌种产生的一组剧毒且致癌的霉菌毒素，它在全球尤其是发展中国家广泛导致了食品污染和粮食损失问题，从而威胁到人类健康和可持续发展。因此，开发新的、绿色且广谱的生物防治技术以预防黄曲霉毒素污染源非常重要。此前，我们发现产黄曲霉毒素的黄曲霉中的PO8蛋白可作为预测花生中黄曲霉毒素产生的生物标志物（因此PO8被命名为预警分子），这表明PO8与黄曲霉毒素的产生有关。所以，在本研究中，基于抑制PO8，提出了一种筛选黄曲霉毒素生物防治菌株以开发防治剂的新的快速策略。采用PO8抑制方法，选择了4株生物防治菌株（2株从表面消毒的花生仁中分离，另外2株从花生根际土壤中分离）并进行组合以扩大防治谱。结果表明，该组合对从中国三个不同花生产区（北部、中部和南部地区）分离的所有测试产黄曲霉毒素的黄曲霉均表现出超过90%的抑制率，且优于任何单一菌株。在中国五个省份进行的田间试验表明，实际防治效果（抑制花生表面的产毒真菌）为50%至80%以上。结果表明，抑制预警分子PO8的策略可很好地用于开发黄曲霉毒素防治剂。
