Duarte Fábio, Vachey Gabriel, Caron Nicholas S, Sipion Melanie, Rey Maria, Perrier Anselme L, Hayden Michael R, Déglon Nicole
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies, Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DNC).
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurotherapies (LCMN), Neuroscience Research Center (CRN); Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Hum Gene Ther. 2023 Sep;34(17-18):958-974. doi: 10.1089/hum.2023.109.
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a toxic gain-of-function CAG expansion in the first exon of the huntingtin () gene. The monogenic nature of HD makes mutant () inactivation a promising therapeutic strategy. Single nucleotide polymorphisms frequently associated with CAG expansion have been explored to selectively inactivate allele using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. One of such allele-selective approaches consists of excising a region flanking the first exon of by inducing simultaneous double-strand breaks at upstream and downstream positions of the exon 1. The removal of the first exon of deletes the CAG expansion and important transcription regulatory sites, leading to inactivation. However, the frequency of deletion events is yet to be quantified either or . Here, we developed accurate quantitative digital polymerase chain reaction-based assays to assess exon 1 deletion and in fully humanized HU97/18 mice. Our results demonstrate that dual-single guide RNA (sgRNA) strategies are efficient and that 67% of HTT editing events are leading to exon 1 deletion in HEK293T cells. In contrast, these sgRNA actively cleaved in HU97/18 mice, but most editing events do not lead to exon 1 deletion (10% exon 1 deletion). We also showed that the editing pattern is not affected by CAG expansion but may potentially be due to the presence of multiple copies of wildtype genes HU97/18 mice as well as the slow kinetics of AAV-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery.
亨廷顿舞蹈症(HD)是一种致命的神经退行性疾病,由亨廷顿蛋白(HTT)基因第一个外显子中有毒的功能获得性CAG重复扩增引起。HD的单基因性质使得突变型HTT失活成为一种有前景的治疗策略。人们已经探索了与CAG重复扩增频繁相关的单核苷酸多态性,以使用CRISPR/Cas9系统选择性地使HTT等位基因失活。一种这样的等位基因选择性方法包括通过在HTT外显子1的上游和下游位置诱导同时的双链断裂来切除HTT第一个外显子侧翼的区域。切除HTT的第一个外显子会删除CAG重复扩增和重要的转录调控位点,导致HTT失活。然而,无论是在体外还是体内,缺失事件的频率都尚未得到量化。在这里,我们开发了基于精确定量数字聚合酶链反应的检测方法,以评估完全人源化的HU97/18小鼠中HTT外显子1的缺失情况。我们的结果表明,双单向导RNA(sgRNA)策略是有效的,并且在HEK293T细胞中,67%的HTT编辑事件导致外显子1缺失。相比之下,这些sgRNA在HU97/18小鼠中能有效切割HTT,但大多数编辑事件不会导致外显子1缺失(外显子1缺失率为10%)。我们还表明,HTT编辑模式不受CAG重复扩增的影响,但可能是由于HU97/18小鼠中存在多个野生型HTT基因拷贝以及腺相关病毒介导的CRISPR/Cas9递送动力学缓慢所致。