Xia Shuai, Liu Meijun, Yu Haiyang, Zou Donglei
Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun 130021, PR China.
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 15;904:166751. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166751. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
Disinfection by-products (DBPs), a series of undesired secondary contaminants formed during the disinfection processes, deteriorate water quality, threaten human health and endanger ecological safety. Membrane-filtration technologies are commonly used in the advanced water treatment and have shown a promising performance for removing trace contaminants. In order to gain a clearer understanding of the behavior of DBPs in membrane-filtration processes, this work dedicated to: (1) comprehensively reviewed the retention efficiency of microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) for DBPs. (2) summarized the mechanisms involved size exclusion, electrostatic repulsion and adsorption in the membrane retention of DBPs. (3) In conjunction with principal component analysis, discussed the influence of various factors (such as the characteristics of membrane and DBPs, feed solution composition and operating conditions) on the removal efficiency. In general, the characteristics of the membranes (salt rejection, molecular weight cut-off, zeta potential, etc.) and DBPs (molecular size, electrical property, hydrophobicity, polarity, etc.) fundamentally determine the membrane-filtration performance on retaining DBPs, and the actual operating environmental factors (such as solute concentration, coexisting ions/NOMs, pH and transmembrane pressure) exert a positive/negative impact on performance to some extent. Current researches indicate that NF and RO can be effective in removing DBPs, and looking forward, we recommend that multiple factors should be taken into account that optimize the existed membrane-filtration technologies, rationalize the selection of membrane products, and develop novel membrane materials targeting the removal of DBPs.
消毒副产物（DBPs）是在消毒过程中形成的一系列不期望的二次污染物，它们会恶化水质、威胁人类健康并危及生态安全。膜过滤技术常用于深度水处理，并且在去除微量污染物方面表现出良好的性能。为了更清楚地了解消毒副产物在膜过滤过程中的行为，本研究致力于：（1）全面综述微滤（MF）、超滤（UF）、纳滤（NF）和反渗透（RO）对消毒副产物的截留效率。（2）总结了尺寸排阻、静电排斥和吸附等机制在消毒副产物膜截留中的作用。（3）结合主成分分析，讨论了各种因素（如膜和消毒副产物的特性、进料溶液组成和操作条件）对去除效率的影响。一般来说，膜的特性（盐截留率、截留分子量、zeta电位等）和消毒副产物的特性（分子大小、电学性质、疏水性、极性等）从根本上决定了膜过滤对消毒副产物的截留性能，而实际操作环境因素（如溶质浓度、共存离子/天然有机物、pH值和跨膜压力）在一定程度上对性能产生正面/负面影响。目前的研究表明，纳滤和反渗透在去除消毒副产物方面是有效的，展望未来，我们建议应考虑多个因素，以优化现有的膜过滤技术、合理选择膜产品，并开发针对去除消毒副产物的新型膜材料。
