Hamlin Noah, Myers Katrina, Taylor Brittany K, Doucet Gaelle E
Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Exp Aging Res. 2024 Oct-Dec;50(5):550-567. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2254658. Epub 2023 Sep 3.
Emotional intelligence includes an assortment of factors related to emotion function. Such factors involve emotion recognition (in this case via facial expression), emotion trait, reactivity, and regulation. We aimed to investigate how the subjective appraisals of emotional intelligence (i.e. trait, reactivity, and regulation) are associated with objective emotion recognition accuracy, and how these associations differ between young and older adults. Data were extracted from the CamCAN dataset (189 adults: 57 young/118 older) from assessments measuring these emotion constructs. Using linear regression models, we found that greater negative reactivity was associated with better emotion recognition accuracy among older adults, though the pattern was opposite for young adults with the greatest difference in disgust and surprise recognition. Positive reactivity and depression level predicted surprise recognition, with the associations significantly differing between the age groups. The present findings suggest the level to which older and young adults react to emotional stimuli differentially predicts their ability to correctly identify facial emotion expressions. Older adults with higher negative reactivity may be able to integrate their negative emotions effectively in order to recognize other's negative emotions more accurately. Alternatively, young adults may experience interference from negative reactivity, lowering their ability to recognize other's negative emotions.
情商包括一系列与情绪功能相关的因素。这些因素涉及情绪识别（在这种情况下是通过面部表情）、情绪特质、反应性和调节能力。我们旨在研究情商的主观评估（即特质、反应性和调节能力）如何与客观情绪识别准确性相关联，以及这些关联在年轻人和老年人之间有何不同。数据取自CamCAN数据集（189名成年人：57名年轻人/118名老年人），这些数据来自测量这些情绪构念的评估。使用线性回归模型，我们发现，在老年人中，更高的负性反应性与更好的情绪识别准确性相关，尽管在年轻人中情况相反，尤其是在厌恶和惊讶识别方面差异最大。正性反应性和抑郁水平预测了惊讶识别，且各年龄组之间的关联存在显著差异。目前的研究结果表明，年轻人和老年人对情绪刺激的反应程度不同，这会影响他们正确识别面部情绪表达的能力。负性反应性较高的老年人可能能够有效地整合他们的负面情绪，从而更准确地识别他人的负面情绪。相反，年轻人可能会受到负性反应性的干扰，降低他们识别他人负面情绪的能力。
