Department of Psychology, University of Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
Neurological Disabilities Research Institute (IDINE), Albacete, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 3;10(1):14548. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71430-y.
Emotional response in aging is typically studied using the dimensional or the discrete models of emotion. Moreover, it is typically studied using subjective or physiological variables but not using both perspectives simultaneously. Additionally, tenderness is neglected in emotion induction procedures with older adults, with the present work being the first to include the study of physiological tenderness using film clips. This study integrated two separate approaches to emotion research, comparing 68 younger and 39 older adults and using a popular set of film clips to induce tenderness, amusement, anger, fear, sadness and disgust emotions. The direction of subjective emotional patterns was evaluated with self-reports and that of physiological emotional patterns was evaluated with a wearable emotion detection system. The findings suggest a dual-process framework between subjective and physiological responses, manifested differently in young and older adults. In terms of arousal, the older adults exhibited higher levels of subjective arousal in negative emotions and tenderness while young adults showed higher levels of physiological arousal in these emotions. These findings yield information on the multidirectionality of positive and negative emotions, corroborating that emotional changes in the adult lifespan appear to be subject to the relevance of the emotion elicitor to each age group.
衰老过程中的情绪反应通常使用情绪的维度或离散模型进行研究。此外，它通常使用主观或生理变量进行研究，但不同时使用这两种观点。此外，在针对老年人的情绪诱导过程中，温柔通常被忽视，而本研究是第一个使用电影片段研究生理温柔的研究。本研究综合了两种独立的情绪研究方法，比较了 68 名年轻成年人和 39 名老年成年人，并使用一组流行的电影片段来诱导温柔、娱乐、愤怒、恐惧、悲伤和厌恶情绪。通过自我报告评估主观情绪模式的方向，通过可穿戴情感检测系统评估生理情感模式的方向。研究结果表明，主观和生理反应之间存在双加工框架，在年轻和老年成年人中表现出不同的特征。就唤醒而言，老年人在负面情绪和温柔中表现出更高的主观唤醒水平，而年轻人在这些情绪中表现出更高的生理唤醒水平。这些发现提供了关于积极和消极情绪的多向性的信息，证实了成年期的情绪变化似乎取决于情绪引发物对每个年龄组的相关性。
