Han Yifei, Han Wenhao, Li Liang, Zhang Tao, Wang Yizheng
State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Psychology, Beijing 100049, China.
iScience. 2023 Aug 17;26(9):107658. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107658. eCollection 2023 Sep 15.
Humans can distinguish flying birds from drones based solely on motion features when no image information is available. However, it remains unclear which motion features of animate motion induce our animacy perception. To address this, we first analyzed the differences in centroid motion between birds and drones, and discovered that birds exhibit greater acceleration, angular speed, and trajectory fluctuations. We further determined the order of their importance in evoking animacy perception was trajectory fluctuations, acceleration, and speed. More interestingly, people judge whether a moving object is alive using a feature-matching strategy, implying that animacy perception is induced in a key feature-triggered way rather than relying on the accumulation of evidence. Our findings not only shed light on the critical motion features that induce animacy perception and their relative contributions but also have important implications for developing target classification algorithms based on motion features.
在没有图像信息的情况下，人类仅根据运动特征就能区分飞鸟和无人机。然而，尚不清楚生物运动的哪些运动特征会引发我们的生命感知。为了解决这个问题，我们首先分析了鸟类和无人机在质心运动方面的差异，发现鸟类表现出更大的加速度、角速度和轨迹波动。我们进一步确定了它们在唤起生命感知方面的重要性顺序为轨迹波动、加速度和速度。更有趣的是，人们使用特征匹配策略来判断移动物体是否有生命，这意味着生命感知是以关键特征触发的方式诱导产生的，而不是依赖于证据的积累。我们的研究结果不仅揭示了引发生命感知的关键运动特征及其相对贡献，而且对基于运动特征开发目标分类算法具有重要意义。
