Ethics Institute, Utrecht University, Janskerkhof 13, 3512BL, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Health Care Anal. 2024 Dec;32(4):261-271. doi: 10.1007/s10728-023-00469-5. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
Environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change have adverse impacts on global health. Somewhat paradoxically, health care systems that aim to prevent and cure disease are themselves major emitters and polluters. In this paper we develop a justification for the claim that solidaristic health care systems should include sustainability as one of the criteria for determining which health interventions are made available or reimbursed - and which not. There is however a complication: most adverse health effects due to climate change do occur elsewhere in the world. If solidarity would commit us to take care of everyone's health, worldwide, it might imply that solidaristic health system cannot justifiably restrict universal access to their own national populations. In response we explain health solidarity is to be considered as a moral ideal. Such an ideal does not specify what societies owe to whom, but it does have moral implications. We argue that ignoring sustainability in political decision making about what health care is to be offered, would amount to betrayal of the ideal of solidarity.
环境污染和温室气体排放导致气候变化,对全球健康造成不利影响。有些矛盾的是,旨在预防和治疗疾病的医疗保健系统本身就是主要的排放者和污染者。在本文中,我们提出了一个理由,即团结的医疗保健系统应该将可持续性作为确定提供哪些卫生干预措施以及不提供哪些干预措施的标准之一。然而,这其中存在一个复杂的问题:由于气候变化而导致的大多数不良健康影响实际上发生在世界其他地方。如果团结意味着我们有责任照顾全世界每个人的健康,那么这可能意味着团结的医疗体系不能合理地限制其本国人民的普遍获得医疗的权利。针对这一问题,我们解释说,健康团结应该被视为一种道德理想。这样的理想并没有具体说明社会对谁负有什么义务,但它确实具有道德含义。我们认为,在关于提供什么样的医疗保健的政治决策中忽视可持续性,就等于是对团结理想的背叛。
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