Department of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hilla, Iraq.
Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq.
Cell Signal. 2023 Dec;112:110881. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110881. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
The metastasis a major hallmark of tumors that its significant is not only related to the basic research, but clinical investigations have revealed that majority of cancer deaths are due to the metastasis. The metastasis of tumor cells is significantly increased due to EMT mechanism and therefore, inhibition of EMT can reduce biological behaviors of tumor cells and improve the survival rate of patients. One of the gaps related to cancer metastasis is lack of specific focus on the EMT regulation in certain types of tumor cells. The gastric and bladder cancers are considered as two main reasons of death among patients in clinical level. Herein, the role of EMT in regulation of their progression is evaluated with a focus on the function of miRNAs. The inhibition/induction of EMT in these cancers and their ability in modulation of EMT-related factors including ZEB1/2 proteins, TGF-β, Snail and cadherin proteins are discussed. Moreover, lncRNAs and circRNAs in crosstalk of miRNA/EMT regulation in these tumors are discussed and final impact on cancer metastasis and response of tumor cells to the chemotherapy is evaluated. Moreover, the impact of miRNAs transferred by exosomes in regulation of EMT in these cancers are discussed.
转移是肿瘤的一个主要标志，其重要性不仅与基础研究有关，而且临床研究表明，大多数癌症死亡是由于转移。肿瘤细胞的转移由于 EMT 机制而显著增加，因此，抑制 EMT 可以降低肿瘤细胞的生物学行为并提高患者的生存率。与癌症转移相关的一个空白是缺乏对特定类型肿瘤细胞 EMT 调节的具体关注。胃癌和膀胱癌被认为是临床水平上患者死亡的两个主要原因。在此，评估 EMT 在调节它们的进展中的作用，重点是 miRNA 的功能。讨论了在这些癌症中 EMT 的抑制/诱导及其对 EMT 相关因子（包括 ZEB1/2 蛋白、TGF-β、Snail 和钙粘蛋白）的调节能力。此外，还讨论了 lncRNA 和 circRNA 在这些肿瘤中 miRNA/EMT 调节的串扰，以及对癌症转移和肿瘤细胞对化疗反应的最终影响。此外，还讨论了外泌体转移的 miRNA 在这些癌症中 EMT 调节中的作用。
