Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2023 Sep;195:105576. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105576. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
Herbicide resistance is rapidly emerging in Cyperus difformis in rice fields across China. The response of a C. difformis population GX-35 was tested against five acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides, auxin herbicide MCPA and photosynthesis II (PSII)-inhibitor bentazone. Population GX-35 evolved multiple resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides (penoxsulam, bispyribac‑sodium, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, halosulfuron-methly and imazapic) and auxin herbicide MCPA, with resistance levels of 140-, 1253-, 578-, 18-, 13-, and 21-fold, respectively, compared to the susceptible population. In this population, ALS gene expression was similar to that of the susceptible population. However, an Asp376Glu mutation in ALS gene was observed, leading to reduced inhibition of in-vitro ALS activities by five ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Furthermore, CYP71D8, CYP77A3, CYP78A5 and three ABC transporter genes (cluster-14412.23067, cluster-14412.25321, and cluster-14412.24716) over-expressed in absence of penoxsulam. On the other hand, an UGT73C1 and an ABC transporter (cluster-14412.25038) were induced by penoxsulam. Additionally, both over-expression and induction were observed for CYP74, CYP71A1, UGT88A1 and an ABC transporter (cluster-14412.21723). The GX-35 population has indeed evolved multiple herbicide resistance in China. Therefore, a diverse range of weed control tactics should be implemented in rice field.
在中国稻田的香附子中，除草剂抗性迅速出现。测试了一个香附子种群 GX-35 对五种乙酰乳酸合成酶（ALS）抑制剂除草剂、生长素除草剂 MCPA 和光合作用 II（PSII）抑制剂吡唑磺隆的反应。种群 GX-35 对 ALS 抑制剂除草剂（吡嘧磺隆、双吡氟酸钠、吡唑磺隆-乙基、氯氟磺胺甲酯和咪唑烟酸）和生长素除草剂 MCPA 产生了多种抗性，分别比敏感种群高出 140 倍、1253 倍、578 倍、18 倍、13 倍和 21 倍。在这个种群中，ALS 基因的表达与敏感种群相似。然而，在 ALS 基因中观察到一个 Asp376Glu 突变，导致五种 ALS 抑制剂除草剂对体外 ALS 活性的抑制作用降低。此外，在没有吡嘧磺隆的情况下，CYP71D8、CYP77A3、CYP78A5 和三个 ABC 转运体基因（cluster-14412.23067、cluster-14412.25321 和 cluster-14412.24716）过度表达。另一方面，吡嘧磺隆诱导 UGT73C1 和一个 ABC 转运体（cluster-14412.25038）。此外，CYP74、CYP71A1、UGT88A1 和一个 ABC 转运体（cluster-14412.21723）也同时观察到过度表达和诱导。GX-35 种群在中国确实已经进化出了多种除草剂抗性。因此，应该在稻田中实施多种不同的杂草控制策略。
