Li Zihao, Sun Xinyu, Yu Shuo, Sun He, Lian Lei, Peng Xuegang, Jin Tao, Liu Weitang, Wang Hengzhi
College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
Shandong Province Higher Education Provincial Key Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technology Laboratory, Tai'an 271018, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 May 9;14(10):1425. doi: 10.3390/plants14101425.
Flusulfinam is a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicide applied post-emergence (POST) to control (L.) P.Beauv., (L.) Nees, (Linn.) Scop. and other annual weeds in directly seeded and transplanted paddy fields in China, registered in September 2024. Notably, compared with other HPPD inhibitors in rice, flusulfinam exhibits consistently high safety in both japonica and indica rice varieties. Meanwhile, flusulfinam has no target-site cross-resistance with traditional acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting, and auxin herbicides. Moreover, as the only heterocyclic-amide-structured herbicide in the HPPD inhibitors, it poses a low risk of metabolic cross-resistance with the other HPPD inhibitors, making it a promising candidate for managing herbicide-resistant weeds in rice fields. In this study, the baseline sensitivity to flusulfinam of and in paddy fields in China was established using dose-response assays between June and October 2023. Thirty-nine populations of and forty-three populations of , collected from rice fields across various major rice-producing regions in China, exhibited susceptibility to flusulfinam. The GR values ranged from 0.15 to 19.39 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha for and from 7.82 to 49.92 g a.i. ha for , respectively, far below the field recommended rate of flusulfinam. Meanwhile, the GR values of and to flusulfinam were both distributed as a unimodal curve, with baseline sensitivity (GRb) of 6.48 g a.i. ha and 22.38 g a.i. ha, respectively. The SI value showed 129.27-fold and 6.38-fold variability in flusulfinam sensitivity among the 39 field populations and 43 filed populations, while the variability declined to 2.99-fold and 2.23-fold when the SIb value was used. This study substantiated the efficacy of flusulfinam against and in Chinese paddy fields and furnished a benchmark for monitoring temporal variations in the susceptibility of field populations of and to flusulfinam.
氟磺草胺是一种抑制4-羟基苯丙酮酸双加氧酶（HPPD）的除草剂，于苗后施用，用于防除中国直播田和移栽稻田中的稗草（Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) P.Beauv.）、千金子（Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees）、异型莎草（Cyperus difformis (Linn.) Scop.）及其他一年生杂草，于2024年9月登记。值得注意的是，与水稻中的其他HPPD抑制剂相比，氟磺草胺在粳稻和籼稻品种中均表现出持续的高安全性。同时，氟磺草胺与传统的抑制乙酰乳酸合成酶（ALS）、抑制乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACCase）的除草剂以及生长素类除草剂不存在靶标位点交叉抗性。此外，作为HPPD抑制剂中唯一具有杂环酰胺结构的除草剂，它与其他HPPD抑制剂发生代谢交叉抗性的风险较低，这使其成为治理稻田抗除草剂杂草的一个有前景的候选品种。在本研究中，于2023年6月至10月通过剂量反应试验确定了中国稻田中稗草和千金子对氟磺草胺的基线敏感性。从中国各主要水稻产区的稻田采集的39个稗草种群和43个千金子种群对氟磺草胺表现出敏感性。稗草的GR值范围为0.15至19.39克活性成分（a.i.）/公顷，千金子的GR值范围为7.82至49.92克a.i./公顷，均远低于氟磺草胺的田间推荐用量。同时，稗草和千金子对氟磺草胺的GR值均呈单峰曲线分布，基线敏感性（GRb）分别为6.48克a.i./公顷和22.38克a.i./公顷。SI值显示，39个稗草田间种群和43个千金子田间种群对氟磺草胺的敏感性变异倍数分别为129.27倍和6.38倍，而使用SIb值时，变异倍数分别降至2.99倍和2.23倍。本研究证实了氟磺草胺对中国稻田中稗草和千金子的防效，并为监测稗草和千金子田间种群对氟磺草胺敏感性的时间变化提供了基准。
