Wei J N, Zhou W L, Wei Y T, Yang F L, Song Y Y, Shen Y
Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
Labor Union, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2023 Aug 20;41(8):582-587. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220818-00410.
To explore the moderating mechanism of mindfulness on perceived stress and job burnout of medical staff. From November 2020 to March 2022, 1626 medical staff were investigated by questionnaires. Chinese Version Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used to evaluate the perceived stress, three dimensions of job burnout[depersonalization (DP), emotional exhaustion (EE), personal accomplishment (PA) ], and mindfulness level of medical staff. The Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between mindfulness and perceived stress, job burnout of medical staff. And the SPSS PROCESS macro program was used to test the moderating effect of mindfulness on perceived stress and job burnout. Among the 1626 medical staff, 57.38% had perceived stress with health risk (933/1626), and 63.84% (1038/1626) had job burnout, among them, with 618 (38.01%), 274 (16.85%), and 146 (8.98%) experiencing mild, moderate and severe job burnout, respectively. The scores of mindfulness among medical staff were significantly correlated with perceived stress and various dimensions of job burnout (EE, DP and PA) ((s)=-0.155, -0.351, -0.315, 0.307, <0.001). Mindfulness had a moderating effect between perceived stress and job burnout, which was achieved through three moderating pathways: perceived stress-mindfulness-EE, perceived stress-mindfulness-DP and perceived stress-mindfulness-PA (Δ(2)=0.073, 0.06, 0.006, <0.001) . Medical staff have a high level of job burnout, mindfulness plays a moderating role between perceived stress and job burnout. Specific measures can be taken to improve the level of mindfulness in medical staff, so as to prevent and alleviate job burnout of medical staff.
为探讨正念对医务人员感知压力和职业倦怠的调节机制。2020年11月至2022年3月，采用问卷调查法对1626名医务人员进行调查。采用中文版感知压力量表（CPSS）、马氏职业倦怠量表-人类服务调查版（MBI-HSS）和正念注意觉知量表（MAAS）分别评估医务人员的感知压力、职业倦怠的三个维度（去人格化（DP）、情感耗竭（EE）、个人成就感（PA））以及正念水平。采用Spearman等级相关分析方法分析正念与医务人员感知压力、职业倦怠之间的相关性。并运用SPSS PROCESS宏程序检验正念对感知压力和职业倦怠的调节作用。在1626名医务人员中，57.38%（933/1626）存在有健康风险的感知压力，63.84%（1038/1626）存在职业倦怠，其中轻度、中度和重度职业倦怠的人数分别为618人（38.01%）、274人（16.85%）和146人（8.98%）。医务人员的正念得分与感知压力及职业倦怠的各维度（EE、DP和PA）均显著相关（r=-0.155、-0.351、-0.315、0.307，P<0.001）。正念在感知压力与职业倦怠之间起调节作用，通过感知压力-正念-EE、感知压力-正念-DP和感知压力-正念-PA三条调节路径实现（ΔR2=0.073、0.06、0.006，P<0.001）。医务人员职业倦怠水平较高，正念在感知压力与职业倦怠之间起调节作用。可采取具体措施提高医务人员的正念水平，以预防和缓解医务人员的职业倦怠。
