Sarazine Julia, Heitschmidt Mary, Vondracek Hugh, Sarris Samantha, Marcinkowski Natalia, Kleinpell Ruth
College of Nursing, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois. School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
Holist Nurs Pract. 2021;35(1):10-18. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000378.
Burnout decreases work performance and quality of care and can result in medical errors, lower patient satisfaction, and higher rates of turnover. A study of 68 000 registered nurses showed that 35% of hospital nurses were experiencing symptoms of burnout. A systematic review identified that mindfulness-based interventions for health care professionals reduced stress and burnout and increased self-compassion and general health. However, the authors determined that more high-quality research is needed. This study examined the impact of a 4-hour workshop on burnout syndrome, perceived stress, and mindfulness skills. The objective of this study was to determine whether a 4-hour mindfulness workshop was effective in reducing burnout and perceived levels of stress and increasing mindfulness. Nurses at a Midwest academic medical center were recruited through e-mail to attend a 4-hour mindfulness workshop. Participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey, Perceived Stress Scale, and Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised prior to the start of the workshop and 1 and 6 months after the workshop. The study design allowed for comparisons preintervention and postintervention. Of the 52 nurses who completed the baseline questionnaires, 94% were female with an average age of 38 years. Thirty-one percent completed the questionnaires at 1 month and 20 nurses at 6 months. At 1 month, nurses reported statistically significant decreased perceptions of stress (-2.31, P = .01) and emotional exhaustion (-4.78, P = .03). Mindfulness skills, personal accomplishment, and depersonalization improved but were not statistically significant. At 6 months, statistically significant findings included increased perceptions of mindfulness (2.50, P = .04), personal accomplishment (4.43, P = .04), and decreased emotional exhaustion (-6.21, P = .05). Perceptions of stress and depersonalization improved but were not statistically significant. In this study, nurses reported decreases in burnout and perceived stress and increases in mindfulness after attending a 4-hour mindfulness workshop. Further research is needed to determine the long-term impact of mindfulness-based training on nurses' burnout, stress, and mindfulness skills. The results of this study add to the body of literature that supports the benefits of mindfulness-based interventions.
职业倦怠会降低工作绩效和护理质量，并可能导致医疗差错、患者满意度降低以及更高的人员流动率。一项对68000名注册护士的研究表明，35%的医院护士有职业倦怠症状。一项系统综述发现，针对医护人员的正念干预可减轻压力和职业倦怠，并增强自我同情和总体健康状况。然而，作者们认为还需要更多高质量的研究。本研究考察了一个4小时工作坊对职业倦怠综合征、感知压力和正念技能的影响。本研究的目的是确定一个4小时的正念工作坊是否能有效减轻职业倦怠和感知压力水平，并增强正念。通过电子邮件招募了美国中西部一家学术医疗中心的护士参加一个4小时的正念工作坊。参与者在工作坊开始前、工作坊结束后1个月和6个月完成了马氏职业倦怠量表-人类服务调查、感知压力量表以及修订后的认知与情感正念量表。该研究设计允许进行干预前和干预后的比较。在完成基线调查问卷的52名护士中，94%为女性，平均年龄38岁。31%的人在1个月时完成了问卷，20名护士在6个月时完成了问卷。在1个月时，护士们报告称，感知压力（-2.31，P = 0.01）和情感耗竭（-4.78，P = 0.03）在统计学上有显著下降。正念技能、个人成就感和去个性化有所改善，但无统计学意义。在6个月时，具有统计学意义的结果包括正念感知（2.50，P = 0.04）、个人成就感（4.43，P = 0.04）增加，以及情感耗竭（-6.21，P = 0.05）减少。压力感知和去个性化有所改善，但无统计学意义。在本研究中，护士们报告称，参加一个4小时的正念工作坊后，职业倦怠和感知压力有所降低，正念有所增强。需要进一步研究以确定基于正念的培训对护士职业倦怠、压力和正念技能的长期影响。本研究结果补充了支持基于正念干预益处的文献。
