埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔北区武装冲突地区孕妇和哺乳期妇女营养不良的决定因素及其相关因素：一项基于社区的研究。
Determinants of Malnutrition and its associated factors among pregnant and lactating women under armed conflict areas in North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based study.
作者信息
Belew Aysheshim Kassahun, Awoke Tadesse, Gelaye Kassahun Alemu, Atnafu Asmamaw, Guadu Tadesse, Azale Telake, Yitayal Mezigebu, Assefa Yohannes Awoke, Getachew Rediet, Amare Tadele, Yitayih Sewbesew, Shitu Kegnie, Demilew Demeke, Dellie Endalkachew, Aschalew Andualem Yalew, Fanta Biruk, Worku Netsanet, Yalew Ermias Solomon, Abich Yohannes, Azeze Getachew, Worku Chanyalew, Kibret Alemu Kassaw, G/Medhin Tsegaye, Hunegnaw Melkamu Tamir, Salelew Endalamaw, Nenko Goshu, Fekadu Hailab, Molla Ayenew
机构信息
Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Nutr. 2023 Sep 4;9(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s40795-023-00758-1.
INTRODUCTION
Maternal malnutrition remains a major public health problem, particularly in low and middle-income countries and war-affected areas like Ethiopia. Malnourished pregnant and lactating women with low nutrient stores have babies with poor mental and physical development, increasing the risk of poor birth outcomes. Despite the fact that the majority of Ethiopian mothers are malnourished, there is little evidence in war-affected areas. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among pregnant and lactating mothers in the war affected area of North Gondar Zone, northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 10 to May 25, 2022. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 1560 pregnant and lactating mothers. MUAC was to ascertain the outcome variable. Data was entered and analyzed by using EPI INFO version 3.5.3 and SPSS version 24, respectively. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the factors associated with acute malnutrition. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to show the strength of the association, while a P-value of 0.05 was used to declare the significance of the association.
RESULTS
The prevalence of acute malnutrition among pregnant and lactating women was 34.3% at the 95% CI (31.9-36.8). The age of the mothers (AOR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.99), family size 6-8 (AOR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.82), and greater than or equal to 9 family sizes (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.97), were significantly associated with acute malnutrition.
CONCLUSIONS
In the current study, the prevalence of acute malnutrition among pregnant and lactating mothers is high in the study area. Mother's age and family size were factors associated with acute malnutrition in war-affected areas. As a result, mothers with large families will require special assistance to reduce the impact of malnutrition.
引言
孕产妇营养不良仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家以及像埃塞俄比亚这样受战争影响的地区。营养储备低的营养不良孕妇和哺乳期妇女所生婴儿的智力和身体发育较差，增加了不良出生结局的风险。尽管大多数埃塞俄比亚母亲营养不良，但在受战争影响的地区，相关证据却很少。因此，本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔北区受战争影响地区孕妇和哺乳期母亲的营养不良患病率及相关因素。
方法
于2022年4月10日至5月25日进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段随机抽样技术选取了1560名孕妇和哺乳期母亲。通过上臂中段臂围（MUAC）来确定结果变量。数据分别使用EPI INFO 3.5.3版本和SPSS 24版本录入和分析。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定与急性营养不良相关的因素。使用调整后的优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间来显示关联强度，而P值为0.05则用于判定关联的显著性。
结果
在95%置信区间（31.9 - 36.8）下，孕妇和哺乳期妇女中急性营养不良的患病率为34.3%。母亲的年龄（AOR = 0.73；95%置信区间：0.54，0.99）、家庭规模为6 - 8人（AOR = 1.21；95%置信区间：1.03，1.82）以及家庭规模大于或等于9人（AOR = 0.44；95%置信区间：0.19，0.97）与急性营养不良显著相关。
结论
在本研究中，研究地区孕妇和哺乳期母亲中急性营养不良的患病率较高。母亲的年龄和家庭规模是受战争影响地区急性营养不良的相关因素。因此，大家庭的母亲需要特殊援助以减少营养不良的影响。
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